ExlService Holdings, Inc. (EXLS) Earnings Call Transcript & Summary
September 4, 2024
Earnings Call Speaker Segments
Ryan Potter
analystAll right. Welcome to our next session at Citi's TMT Conference. And this is a reminder, it's for Citi clients only. In this session, we're pleased to have ExlService. And from ExlService, we have Chairman and CEO, Rohit Kapoor; and CFO, Maurizio Nicolelli. Thank you guys for doing this. I appreciate it.
Rohit Kapoor
executiveThanks, Ryan. Thanks for having us.
Ryan Potter
analystYes. So maybe for those are newer to the story, could you give us a short elevator pitch on who EXL is? Who you compete with? What some of your competitive advantages in the market?
Rohit Kapoor
executiveSure. So ExlService is a Data Analytics and Digital Operations & Solutions company. We principally help our clients run and manage their operations as well as adopt analytics and AI into their businesses and into their workflows. We've got 55,000 employees globally situated. We work with 750 clients across the globe. We work with clients across multiple industry verticals, but the predominant industry verticals for us are insurance, health care and our emerging business unit. Our entire belief is that we want to be able to help our clients by leveraging data and AI and creating value for them, leveraging data and AI, and we believe that the interplay between domain knowledge, the understanding of how to manage the data estate of our clients and apply AI into the workflow creates a compelling differentiation as compared to other players in this space. And we look forward to sustainable growth journeys with our clients and building up long-term and meaningful partnerships with them.
Ryan Potter
analystGot it. And at your Investor Day this year, you kind of talked -- touched on the company evolution over the years, and you touched on data and AI there. But I guess, what are some lessons learned through other kind of evolution cycles of the company? And what are you doing now to position the company more towards kind of generative AI?
Rohit Kapoor
executiveSo we've had multiple pivots along the 25-year journey that we've had at EXL, and we've made multiple pivot along the way. I think the important lessons for us have been to get conviction around some of the emerging trends early on and to be able to position the company to take advantage of those trends that are taking place, that necessarily involves change, and it involves a change in mindset. But having clarity and conviction around what these trends are, what implications it's going to have to our clients and to our business model, I think that's been the important element. And then we've been very disciplined in terms of systematically investing in these capabilities to kind of position ourselves well. So for example, we believe data management is going to be an explosive market opportunity. And companies that have strong data management skill sets will position themselves well to serve their clients, both in digital operations, as well as in data analytics. And we've been investing in that space for the last several years. We've done three acquisitions in data management and built up a really nice competency set out there, and we'll continue to kind of build out more and more capabilities there. We also believe that, going forward, AI is going to be embedded in every single workflow. And in order to embed AI into every single workflow, you necessarily need to understand the workflow, which is the domain. You need to be able to have an alternative and an agile implementation methodology that can allow you to be able to get to higher levels of accuracy, low levels of latency and a low cost structure. And you need to be able to know how to be able to use AI in an optimal fashion. So acquiring those kinds of skill sets and training our workforce to be able to deploy this at scale for an enterprise, that becomes critical. And so these pivots that we've been making, I think, for us, these are very deliberate pivots, which are with conviction and they do require change and anticipation. So we try and kind of stay ahead of that.
Ryan Potter
analystGot it. And we'll get more into AI in a little bit. But I think one of them are unappreciated things from investors of EXL is you've been obviously one of the only IT BPO companies in past 2 years, that's consistently beat and raised every single quarter. So I guess what would you attribute this to -- I mean, it's a question for Maurizio too, is it more just solid execution? Is it you're setting in the outlook in more of a prudent approach to set up these being raises?
Maurizio Nicolelli
executiveI think when we take a look at our guidance, we've been very prudent in really setting that guidance to a reasonable level. Obviously, we got ourselves at a higher level at the end of the day. And we've been doing that for many years now, right? And we've probably been doing that a good 3, 4 years now. And so we set those targets at a level that are our goals. Our guidance is a reasonable level that we'll set at. And keep in mind, when we enter into a year, like this year, our guidance to start to year was 9% to 12% growth for the year. Right now, our guidance is right around 10% to 12%, right? So it's right in line with our guidance that we set for ourselves at the beginning of the year. And so we've been fairly prudent really in setting that guidance and then executing to it. Because if we were an investor, that's -- it's really important to see that the management team is executing at least to their guidance that they're giving to the Street. Now we will push ourselves further than that, but that's -- we feel that's really important.
Ryan Potter
analystGot it. I guess maybe shifting gears towards demand broadly. How would you characterize the overall demand environment in your current pipeline in the state of that? And I guess, in the past 2 years and going forward, have you benefited from enterprises potentially focusing more on cost? With your core BPO offerings may be seeing some elevated demand?
Rohit Kapoor
executiveYes. So we think the demand environment has been fairly stable for us, and it's been really helpful for the kinds of services and the kind of capabilities that we've got. We've seen our pipeline continue to be very strong, and we've seen conversion take place at an appropriate pace as such. We are also seeing larger deals come into the pipeline. And we're seeing more integrated deals come into the pipeline. And when I say integrated deals, I mean, digital operations, combined with data analytics, combined with digital, combined with AI, all being kind of infused and kind of -- being kind of put together. So that's actually providing us to have a strong growth rate, which is a double-digit growth rate for the company, and seeing some sustained momentum in terms of our ability to build and grow our business. We're also seeing growth, and the demand side kind of be fairly even keel across the three industry segments that we have of insurance, health care and the emerging business unit. And so that's pretty consistent across. We're seeing a greater amount of demand, really in Europe and in U.K., where the growth rate of our business has been a little bit faster than the company average. And then we have huge opportunities in other parts of the world where we currently have not been able to take out our products and our capabilities. So there seems to be an adequate amount of demand for that. And then finally, on data management, there seems to be an enormous amount of demand that's there, predominantly getting prepared for how we use Gen AI because in order to deploy AI or Gen AI, you necessarily need to have access to good quality data. And therefore, that's -- it's a big driver for growth as well.
Ryan Potter
analystYes, sure. And you mentioned seeing larger deal sizes, you're seeing kind of normal kind of conversion cycles from pipeline to revenue. About ramp times, are your contracts and projects ramping, how you would think? Or is there some kind of delayed decision-making there? And then also just touch on win rates, how those remain kind of consistent?
Rohit Kapoor
executiveSo I think the implementation of the digital operations businesses that we have won is fairly consistent with the past historic precedent that we've had. No real change in that. On the Data Analytics side, certainly, it's a much more project-based ramp-ups that we see out there. And there, there can be variability in terms of ramping up and kind of scaling up that business. So that's been there. And the other question you asked?
Ryan Potter
analystWin rates.
Rohit Kapoor
executiveThe win rates for us, I think, have basically gone up a little bit, but stabilized at the current levels. We tend to see a whole multitude of competitors when we are competing for deals. We compete with some of the large global IT services companies. We compete with some of the large digital engineering companies. We compete with some pure-play Data Analytics and AI companies, and we compete with some of the large integrated players as well. So it's a whole slew of competitors that we have. And our win rate has been a very healthy win rate that we've had, and it continues to be pretty stable.
Ryan Potter
analystGot it. Maybe jumping back into Gen AI for investors, again there may be newer. Can you talk through maybe some of your capabilities in AI, analytics, just data in general? And in terms of -- as you get more into those capabilities, does your kind of competitive landscape change a little bit? Like are you not competing as much against maybe core BPO companies and maybe moves up the stack a little bit?
Rohit Kapoor
executiveSure. So Data Analytics and AI now represents 51% of our revenue. So it's a majority of our business, and that's the part of the business that's seeing a heightened amount of demand. Within data analytics, it would get broken down into four service lines. It would include payment integrity, which works that we do in the health care business; it includes data management; it includes analytical services; and it includes marketing analytics. So those are the four service lines that we have. Frankly, marketing analytics has been challenged for us, and it's been a headwind for the growth of the business. But we've seen great growth across payment integrity, data management and analytical services. The kind of work that we do on AI and the solutions that we are building on AI, that's actually the most exciting part of our business. We have seen a significant amount of traction around data extraction and capability that we've created, which we call as extractor. That's something which is basic and something which is necessary for all clients to be able to implement. We're seeing a fair amount of activity around conversational AI and the ability to leverage AI in customer service and engaging with end customers. And then we are seeing a heightened amount of demand take place around code conversion, and we have a capability around code harbor, which is to convert legacy code into more modern and new age code. In AI, the part that we've worked on in the last few months has been to launch our insurance LLM. Because we do so much of work in insurance, we have access to derivative data of our clients that we've used to train a basic LLM model and create an EXL proprietary insurance LLM model, which is built on the NVIDIA stack, and that insurance LLM model is outperforming all the other models that we've tested it against, and we are looking at deploying that and putting it into production with some of our clients. So these are some of the areas that we work on in Data Analytics and on AI. And frankly, we are continuing to innovate out here, continuing to create new industry-specific solutions and to be able to take that out to a broader set of customers.
Ryan Potter
analystAnd you touched on some of the IP accelerators you've made -- invested in over years in terms of like code conversion insurance LLM. Is this an opportunity for you to differentiate more in the market? Is it something that -- especially on the kind of accelerator front code conversion, or is that becoming more kind of table stakes, like investors are expecting this type of capability with kind of the vendors they're working with?
Rohit Kapoor
executiveNo, I think it creates an enormous amount of differentiation. The code conversion in capability that we have which we call as code harbor. We've now got clients who want to leverage that and license that capability from us. So it allows us to be able to make a onetime investment and to be able to benefit from the increase in revenue and an increase in profitability across multiple clients. This is something which also requires a fairly high level of investment. So one of the things which is happening in our business is we're going to be making more and more investments in terms of creating some of these proprietary solutions, which are going to be much more useful for our clients so that they can accelerate the deployment of AI in their own environment. It's a source of differentiation and it's also a source of creating greater pull-through revenue on digital operations because when clients are choosing a partner on digital operations, they not only want to get the cost efficiency, but they want to work with a partner that is going to transform and modernize their entire operating stack and be able to elevate their performance. So we're finding that's helping on the win rate as well as in our ability to be able to have greater amount of pull-through revenue.
Ryan Potter
analystAnd you mentioned you have some clients wanting to license for code harbor. So I guess how are you charging for some of this IP? Is it an opportunity to maybe decouple revenue and headcount growth a little bit down the road?
Rohit Kapoor
executiveYes. It certainly creates an opportunity to be able to do that. Right now, there's a lot of experimentation and trial and error that we are going through because we don't have the same level of maturity that we have on FTE-based pricing or time-based pricing. So we are kind of crafting out things which work for the clients, work for us, and we are testing this thing out. But certainly, for us to be able to get license revenue, it depends upon their speed at which our clients will use this and ramp it up. And there will always be some level of service element to it as well because there's also the implementation that we have to alongside with the licensing.
Ryan Potter
analystGot it. And focusing a little more on Gen AI, in particular, you mentioned this IP, but is there other capabilities in terms of Gen AI that you have beyond this? Maybe just talk through some use case examples where you've worked with clients on Gen AI, essentially solutions? And have you seen things moved beyond kind of more experimentation phases yet into more production phases?
Rohit Kapoor
executiveYes. We've used Gen AI in something which we call as a smart agent assist, and that's something which we have deployed enterprise-wide across multiple clients. It's something which is able to augment the work of the human as they interact with customers and prompt them in terms of what the next best action is as well as to be able to prompt them in terms of regulatory compliance and being able to kind of have a 360-degree view of the customer. So that's something which is working very well. I spoke about extractor. And again, that's something which we've deployed across a number of clients across the enterprise, and that's something which helps us to be able to port data from one system to another system or from one application formed onto a system. That's been really useful. And there are other cases that we're kind of building up, we've used something in the retail industry that allows our clients in the retail industry to be able to proactively look at trends that are taking place and adjust their supply chain accordingly. So there are at least 50 different use cases where we are deploying Gen AI and these types of solutions. I mean we've also created the ability to use Gen AI internally for ourselves and use EXL as a test bed for being able to deploy Gen AI.
Ryan Potter
analystThat's great. And I mentioned this at the last session, but investors were quick to put BPO in the loser bucket of Gen AI in early 2023. But everything you're saying, it seems like it's TAM expansion more of a net positive. But is there any -- is the path, I guess, in the near term med-term long-term impact from Gen AI? Does that vary at all in terms of how you think of near term versus long term?
Rohit Kapoor
executiveSo on the TAM, we think this expands the TAM very, very significantly for us. We think our TAM goes up by 3x. There are a number of things that we wouldn't have done previously and we wouldn't have participated in, which we are now participating in. Two, in terms of the near-term headwinds, sure, there are places where there will be cannibalization of revenue. But we think that, that cannibalization of revenue is a net positive for us because our penetration rate is so low that the more we cannibalize, the more customers want to give us business to increase book.
Ryan Potter
analystGot it. And I guess one of the other kind of adjacent areas from AI as maybe clients might be more willing to accept more non-FTE kind of commercial models. So I guess could you give some color on where EXL is in terms of client adoption of non-FTE? And as clients' views of, I guess, what is kind of normal kind of productivity giveback, has that changed at all as technologies like AI have become more upfront?
Rohit Kapoor
executiveSo the non-FTE commercial construct dialogue has certainly increased and gotten amplified very significantly. However, we've not really seen that result in actual client contracts being signed that way. We're still seeing clients sign client contracts in the traditional way. The discussion around productivity gains and the benefits of AI, that's something which is certainly being baked in, in terms of the contracts that we are signing up with them. But keep in mind a couple of things. AI can be helpful in terms of improving the customer experience and AI can be helpful in terms of improving the productivity. Clients want both. They do want the end customer experience to be improved alongside with the productivity and the cost to be taken down. We haven't seen anything meaningfully change in terms of productivity benefits over the last few years. I mean in the past, RPA used to be deployed to provide for productivity benefits. And today, we are using AI to be able to deploy and provide a benefit to our clients on productivity. And I think we're still in that period where the amount of productivity benefit that you can get using AI is still to be well established, both from a client standpoint as well as from our capability standpoint. So there's nothing very different that's happening out there.
Ryan Potter
analystYes. I know clients have been hesitant to adopt non-FTE models throughout history because they want to keep those savings. But is there an opportunity in longer term you think, to push more towards non-FTE?
Rohit Kapoor
executiveI absolutely. I think we're going to see more of that take place. As we develop more solutions, I think it's going to go into a more nonlinear format. And it's going to be a lot more outcome-based driven commercial constructs.
Ryan Potter
analystAnd that leads to a benefit on margins?
Rohit Kapoor
executiveThat should be a benefit to margin.
Ryan Potter
analystGot it. Got it. Kind of shifting gears, looking at analytics. I mean you talked through the four components of analytics, but is there any way you can kind of rank or tier them in terms of which ones you have the largest exposure to? And I guess which ones have been growing the fastest recently?
Maurizio Nicolelli
executiveSo when we look at the four Ps, the four parts of analytics, our biggest piece is analytics services. And the growth there was a little bit stunted about 1.5 years ago from the banks slowing their spend. But that we've seen has reversed, and we're starting to see some good trend there in terms of growth. We're coming out of that. So that's been a very good positive. If you look at our payment integrity business, that has done extremely well for us over the last 2, 3 years. That has grown in the high teens, over that period of time as we continue to get more business from new customers, clients giving us more claim to process through our engine. And then also the rate of inflation of medical claims continues to rise year after year. So when we couple all three of those, it really helped our growth rate. Data management has also been another big area of growth for us. And Rohit talked about the big opportunity that we have in data management, and that's grown very well in the mid- to upper teens for us within analytics. And so that's going to be kind of the third largest piece out of those four at the end of the day. And so you have -- latest piece is starting to come out and starting to show some very -- some positive growth momentum. Payment integrity and data management have been growing very well over the last 2, 3 years. Then the last piece is the marketing and analytics piece, and that's the piece where we've seen a considerate amount of headwind over the last year or 2, but that's starting to stabilize now going forward. And also, it's become a much smaller piece of the overall pie in our analytics business. So at its size now, it really doesn't move the needle anymore. So you're starting to see that momentum in analytics, and you also see it in the growth rate in our analytics business, right? So you saw the lowest amount of growth in the first quarter. You saw the second quarter go from -- go to 6.5% growth from 4.9%. Then if you take just our guidance for the second half of the year, you're going to see an increase on that second quarter growth rate, right? So you're starting to see that momentum back in analytics, and you also -- and that complements that very steady double-digit growth that we have in digital operations.
Ryan Potter
analystGot it. And on the marketing analytics piece, I know there was more insurance headwinds, I think, in 2023 in terms of a couple of states pushing back in terms of allowing rate increases. Is it -- the headwinds still primarily in insurance, and marketing analysts in general, what will it take for that trajectory to improve and accelerate?
Maurizio Nicolelli
executiveIt's starting to stabilize. So we're seeing a bit of stabilization there. It's still very tiered to insurance at the end of the day. And it's tiered to the client subset that we have within market analysis, which is kind of the mid-tier insurance firms. Now they are starting to sell policies within those states that they pulled back in, we just haven't seen that. We haven't seen them start doing -- starting to market and significantly using our analytic services just yet, right? So that could be an outcome in the next year or 2.
Ryan Potter
analystIs there an opportunity to push that into additional verticals beyond insurance over time?
Maurizio Nicolelli
executiveCorrect. And we have been working on diversifying that both into banking and health care.
Ryan Potter
analystOkay. And on the data management side, you made an acquisition recently in ITI Data. Could you go over perhaps the strategic rationale of the acquisition opportunities it provides? Any potential synergies you see from it?
Maurizio Nicolelli
executiveSure. So our acquisition of ITI is very complementary to the rest of our data management business. What it does for us, it brings us into particular vertical areas, now particularly in banking that gives us a bigger moat or a bigger opportunity within banking. Also it helps us -- it also brings a certain level of capabilities that either augment or additional capabilities within data management that it really helps us now going forward. And what it does also, it also helps us with adding those capabilities for us to be able to look for ourselves. Now when we bought Clairvoyant back in December of 2021, there was a big opportunity to use their capability to really cross out into our client base. And ITI is very similar, particularly within banking for us to really build out and continue to outgrow that -- really grow that business overall. So one, it's a big augmentation to an area that we need more capabilities in. Two, it really helps us cross-sell and really build up and continue to grow data management well into the mid- to upper double digits within -- in the teen's growth rate.
Ryan Potter
analystGot it. And you mentioned analytics improving throughout 2024. But I guess, going forward, how do you expect -- do you expect it to continue to accelerate? I mean, I know '25 will have easier comps in the beginning of the year. But just in terms of thinking potential like medium term or forward growth rates for analytics, the opportunities there, particularly as some of the headwinds like within marketing analytics continue to stabilize going forward?
Maurizio Nicolelli
executiveWe still believe in that long-term growth rate in analytics that we talked about 2 years ago now, right? And so we still are a big believer that the analytics piece of our business when you couple in all four of those pieces should be able to grow in that double-digit teens going forward, right, particularly anchored on payment integrity, analytics services and data management. And as we do more AI services within analytics, that should be a big enhancer for us going forward because now we're increasing the value to clients. So that should really help us continue to grow within that data AI kind of piece of our business, which is more than 50% now.
Ryan Potter
analystYes, for sure. Data is a very important building block of AI, to get their data stays in the right spot where they can get full benefits of Gen AI, so that makes sense to me. I guess kind of shifting gears to Digital Operations & Solutions. I think that's been growing kind of faster than you would have expected in recent years? And how much of that would you attribute to the macro clients being cost focus versus investments or just improved execution there?
Rohit Kapoor
executiveI think that's largely been a factor of our ability to embed digital and AI into the workflow and be able to transform our clients' operations and be able to show them the pathway to kind of making significant improvements to their operating processes. So that's resulted in a higher growth rate. We've also seen larger deals come into the pipeline because clients have greater conviction in our ability to execute, and so that's driving a faster growth rate for us. And finally, our ability to be able to access more C-level executives now that our presence has been built up, that's giving us a greater opportunity.
Ryan Potter
analystSo is there a good opportunity across, you mentioned digital and AI. Is there opportunity to cross-sell between Analytics and Digital Operations & Solutions, I guess? What percentage of clients are using services in both segments?
Rohit Kapoor
executiveSo today, we have close to about 50% of our analytics revenue coming in from clients who also use us for digital operations. And the balance is they only use us for Data Analytics. And I would say almost -- the penetration of Analytics services with our digital operations clients, that's pretty high. And that's something which we can continue to kind of build forward on. I think the real opportunity for us is can we take data management to all of our clients in digital operations and kind of expand that? Can we take data management to all of our clients in analytics and expand that? And so that is a big opportunity area for us.
Ryan Potter
analystGot it. And you touched -- Maurizio touched on analytics, going back towards that medium-term growth rate. Digital Operations & Solutions, you've been far outpacing the medium-term growth rate that you put out there. So do you think over time and maybe revert back to slower growth levels? Or do you think what we've been seeing, you're able to potentially sustain maybe not this level but maybe a little bit below going forward?
Maurizio Nicolelli
executiveLook, if you look at our growth rate over the last couple of years in digital operations solutions, it's been in the low teens. And there still continues to be very good momentum within that side of the business. If you look at our pipeline within digital operations, it's still extremely healthy. Clients are really looking to transform their businesses, and they're coming to us for the -- to be able to do that through technology and particularly within AI. So for us, continuing that growth rate, at least going into 2025, is we still have strong world to be able to continue to maintain that growth rate.
Ryan Potter
analystIn that pipeline, are you taking share from the market or moving stuff that was maybe in-house with the existing clients that you're taking more share from those work processes? Or is it potentially just TAM expansion in general?
Maurizio Nicolelli
executiveThere's still a lot of business that we win from clients outsourcing their operations, right? We still will win certain deals against competitors but that big piece of that we win is really from clients outsourcing their internal operations and getting more -- they're getting more comfortable with that and putting more of that out to bid. And so we're able to use our value proposition to really win those bids.
Ryan Potter
analystAnd are you seeing potentially first-time outsourcers getting more in the pipeline?
Maurizio Nicolelli
executiveTo a certain extent, yes. You're seeing more of that come to the market, and that gives us great opportunity both in digital operations and within analytics.
Ryan Potter
analystGot it. Maybe shifting gears a little bit towards talent and delivery. Could you walk through some of the trends you've seen in terms of attrition and utilization? What you view our kind of manageable attrition levels for you?
Rohit Kapoor
executiveSo I think the attrition for us on an overall level has been fairly stable, and no real change in that. Well, we have seen the attrition rates in our Analytics business be slightly lower than what it's been previously. I think for us, managing attrition is something which at these levels is something that we planned for and we're able to implement and execute upon quite easily. I think the big thing is going to be about being able to skill our employees and train our employees on some of these new AI technologies. And that is an investment that we are making so that we can have people who are ready and be able to deploy this at scale with our clients. So that's something which we are investing in right now. And hopefully, we'll be ready that when we do have that opportunity set, we can deploy this at scale.
Ryan Potter
analystGot it. And earlier this year, you announced a workforce rationalization that was maybe oversized in terms of the amount of workforce that was being impacted -- the impact on the stock. But could you go through, I guess, what was the rationale from doing the workforce rationalization? Like what job roles were impacted the most? Was it more of a focus on shifting skill sets to where the market is going versus improving margins?
Rohit Kapoor
executiveYes. So first off, in the magnitude of that impact of that change was very small, and it was like 1% of the workforce. Two, it was basically a mismatch of skill sets. And we ended up having a surplus of skill sets in areas that we weren't seeing adequate amount of demand for, and we wanted to kind of change that and reposition that. And I think we went through that exercise in the early part of the year. That's now stabilized. And you can see that on a net employee headcount basis, we've continued to add headcount every single quarter, and we've been adding on more and more headcount as such. These kinds of changes are something which we can plan for better and kind of -- and make sure that we can minimize this kind of action, but it was something which we thought was necessary and we had to make a onetime adjustment, and so we followed through on that.
Ryan Potter
analystGot it. And just in terms of go-forward delivery model, is there an opportunity to continue to have employees working remotely, working from home? And just in general, as we work through the kind of a virtual workforce, is an opportunity to have more of a distributed workforce model where maybe you're not you have small offices in large cities and employees can kind of commute to that?
Rohit Kapoor
executiveYes. Look, I think the hybrid business model continues to work well. So we do have a portion of our employees coming to work in the office. And we have a portion of our employees working from home. The ideal state for us would be a 1/3 coming and working from the office, 1/3 being hybrid, and 1/3 being remote. And I think we are basically gravitating in that direction, but it's been a slow kind of a progress and a slow kind of transition. I think there's also opportunity for us to be able to build out and go into more Tier 2 cities and more closer to where our talent is rather than having all of that talent in large centers in the metropolitan cities. So that's something which will happen over a period of time.
Ryan Potter
analystSo it would like to potentially increase the potential talent pool where you go after in terms of -- as you move into, let's say, additional cities?
Rohit Kapoor
executiveThat's right.
Ryan Potter
analystI guess in terms of shifting gears, Maurizio, in terms of recent margin performance, what have been some of the puts and takes, drivers of performance. And going forward, what's the opportunity to maintain or expand -- continue to expand margins in the near term and long term as you deploy more AI as you deploy selling licenses potentially for IP as the opportunity to expand margins going forward?
Maurizio Nicolelli
executiveYes. So we've done a lot on margins over the years. We closed 2023 at 19.3% adjusted margins. The first half of this year we were -- we had a lower margin in the first quarter because we want to make a certain level of investments to start the year. And in the second quarter, you saw a much, much higher margin. The average margin for the first half of the year was 19.4%, right in line with what we're guiding, right? We've always talked about we have this year being an investment year having fairly flat margins with 2023. For us, going forward, increasing margins 10 to 30 basis points a year should be achievable, but it's going to be a little bit different than how we've done it in the past. Now that we're getting much more into data and AI, driving more value to clients, getting more into those higher-value opportunities and services, we should be driving a higher price, and which should result in a higher gross margin going forward. And you should be able to see that over the years to come. What's going to be the offset there is what we talked about is we're going to need a higher level of investment that will be the offset. The net of all that would be an incremental increase to our overall margin now going forward on an annual basis. So we've gone a long way from having 14% to 15% adjusted margins about 4 years ago, where we are today over 19%, and then you should start to see us progress on an annual basis, much less than the big gains that we've had over the last 2, 3 years. But increasing our margins 10 to 30 basis points a year is absolutely an opportunity for us, and that should help us continue to grow EPS faster than the revenues.
Ryan Potter
analystAnd on investments, where are you making those incremental investments? Is it more just buying out your data and AI capabilities? Is it recruiting and hiring, I guess, where we make investments currently?
Maurizio Nicolelli
executiveIt's really it's both, right? And so we are recruiting and then building software -- AI solutions to really -- its capability development now going forward within AI is going to be the big area for us now going forward.
Ryan Potter
analystGot it. And we're right up on time. So I guess just last question. Any final thoughts for investors, what should we expect for EXL over the next couple of quarters?
Rohit Kapoor
executiveNo, look, I think we are well positioned with the capability set that we have. We think that the demand environment is stable and strong. It really boils down to our ability to execute and our ability to innovate. And we're going to continue to focus on both of that and continue to drive our business forward.
Ryan Potter
analystAll right. Great. Thank you guys. Appreciate it.
Rohit Kapoor
executiveThank you.
Maurizio Nicolelli
executiveThank you, Ryan.
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