International Biotechnology Trust plc (IBT) Earnings Call Transcript & Summary
November 5, 2024
Earnings Call Speaker Segments
Unknown Attendee
attendeeGood afternoon, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the International Biotechnology Trust plc Full Year Results Investor Presentation. [Operator Instructions] The company may not be in a position to answer every question received during the meeting itself. However the company can review all questions submitted today and will publish their responses where it's appropriate to do so. Before we begin, we would like to submit the following poll. And if you could give that your kind attention, I'm sure the company would be most grateful. I would now like to hand you over to the team from the International Biotechnology Trust. Lucy, good afternoon.
Lucy Costa Duarte
executiveGood afternoon. Thank you, Jake. So welcome to International Biotechnology Trust Full Year Results Presentation for the year ended the 31st of August 2024. I'm joined today by Ailsa Craig and Marek Poszepczynski, your portfolio managers from the Trust. I'm Lucy Costa Duarte, I'm the Investment Director for the Trust, and I work alongside Ailsa and Marek. So without further ado, I'll hand over to Ailsa and Marek.
Ailsa Craig
executiveThank you, Lucy, and thank you, Investor Meet for allowing us to present our final results today. So the presentation will take about half an hour. And then as you've heard, you can come in with questions after that. Kicking off, just as a reminder, some of you may know that it's now 30 years since this investment trust started in 1994. And it's also 3 years since -- or just over 3 years since Marek and I have taken over as co-lead fund managers. This is the third full fiscal year of us running the trust. And we're proud to say that every year, we have outperformed our benchmark in different types of markets. So year 1, we had a down market, then a flat market. And this year, we've had a nice recovery. So just as a little introduction for those of you who haven't heard us before, my name is Ailsa Craig, and I've been working on this trust since 2006. Prior to that, I worked at Baring Asset Management, Rothschild and Insight, all focused on investment in biotechnology stocks. My tenure started in 2001, so I've been covering these stocks for over 20 years. Marek, would you like to...
Marek Poszepczynski
executiveYes. Thank you, Ailsa. I joined IBT in 2013. Prior to that, I've been working within the industry in biotech with in-licensing, out-licensing of projects, companies and M&A.
Ailsa Craig
executiveGreat. So you may have known or be aware rather that we moved the trust from our previous umbrella firm, SV Health Investors, which was a predominantly venture firm over to Schroders back in November '23. So basically, we're almost at our first year anniversary being at Schroders. And this slide depicts the advantage that Schroders gained by having the trust over with them. And then I'll talk a bit about the benefits for the trust. So at the time, the health care product offering at Schroders extended from a venture life sciences group on the left and a public large-cap health care funds on the right. And they had a sort of gap in the middle, which they were keen to fill with a biotech fund such as ours. Over 20 interested parties put their hats in the ring for our fund. The Board of Directors managed the process and Schroders won the mandate primarily because they felt that they had a big strength on sales and distribution. Performance-wise for the trust, I've touched on that already. The trust has outperformed on a 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year basis to August 2024. Volatility historically has been lower than the benchmark and the yield. Now this is something that's relatively unusual. We pay out 4% of the NAV of the fund to our shareholders in 2 installments, 2%, 2% each year, backed by the expert team, and now we sit within Schroders Unit trust. And also just as an aside, we have had some external awards that you can see bottom right of this slide that recognize various attributes of the trust. So the summary, this is the annual results presentation. And here, we have various different factors from the results, but you can find our annual report on the website if you want to go into more detail. Suffice to say, the NAV rose just shy of 16% in the year, the fiscal year, versus our benchmark just over 15% in the 12 months to August '24. The share price returned 10%. The discount widened from 6.3% to 11.3% during the period, and we bought back just under 2.5 million shares in order to try and bring this discount in. We've had 4 M&A transactions, which is about average for a year in the fund, 2 came out of the venture part of the portfolio and 2 came out of the quoted part of the portfolio. We're very sad to see Caroline Gulliver leave the Board at the end of her -- she's completed her tenure, but excited to welcome Alexa Henderson, who will join the Board at the beginning of next year, so 2025. So here in tabular form, you can see the performance that I've referred to a number of times now. This presentation will be available on the website if you want to look at these numbers in more detail. Please obviously do look at the disclaimer slide as well. Okay. So this slide shows the M&A transactions that have happened in the fund since May 2020. And above the x-axis, you can see all the quoted companies that have been acquired with the acquirer name above the company that was acquired below. It's been a good hit rate. Below the x-axis, you can see deals that have happened from the venture side of the portfolio. And this financial year, we've had 4 deals, like I mentioned. So on the right-hand side, Mirati, Karuna, EyeBio and Edwards Lifesciences. Of note, you will notice there's a gap towards the fiscal year-end on the right-hand side of the slide, and we think that this is probably due to people sitting on their hands waiting for the election outcome in the U.S. before they step up and make M&A deals. So we hope that post-election, when we have clarity on who the president is, we might see more mergers and acquisitions return. This slide shows why we have so much M&A in this sector. So the histogram here shows the value of IP expiries, so patent expiries for large pharma sales over in these -- the big pharma guys. And as you can see, the 27 years, 27 and 28 are large numbers. So these guys have their backs against the wall. They really need to either develop drugs internally or acquire in new assets to offset the void of the sales coming off patent. The way we think about the dividend, we don't invest in companies that have a natural income. However, we do get cash inflows as and when we have these M&A transactions. And the way we see it is we give some of that cash in back to our shareholders in the form of a dividend. I must note that the dividend is pegged to the size of the fund. So if the NAV was to rise in a year, obviously, the dividend payment would then rise. And if the NAV would fall, the dividend payment would fall on an absolute basis. I'm now going to hand over to Marek to talk about the sector -- long-term sector drivers.
Marek Poszepczynski
executiveThank you, Ailsa. So looking at this slide, you can see that the demographic in the world, the population above the age of 65, will move up 200% over the coming generations. Why is it so? You may ask, why do we -- do we become older? And one of the reasons is we have had medical progress. We are now able to live longer. Probably the evolutionary wise, we shouldn't be -- get older than 50, but medical progress have made us -- made it possible to live much longer than previously. And if you look at the next slide, you can see that heart disease usually occurs in the -- when we reach the age of 50. Historically, that was a big issue in the Western world with the diet, et cetera. But with new medical progress, we have also seen that this culprit is now not the major cause of death in the Western world. And once we live through the heart disease problems, unfortunately, other diseases start to occur like cancer. And one thing you can see on the right-hand side that cancer is also a disease of the elderly. Usually it tends to increase when you reach the age of 60. What's interesting fact nowadays, which I think is very, very positive is that approximately 70% of people who get this diagnosis actually live and survive that disease. And we are getting better and better, maybe it's incremental, but it's getting -- we're getting there. One thing that last frontier or next frontier for the industry to crack is probably Alzheimer's disease and other CNS or central nervous system diseases. But in general, we are very positive that the industry has put in a lot of effort to make the quality of life of us better, and thus, we can live longer with a better quality of life. And one aspect of that, if you look at this slide, is that the richer a country gets, the higher proportion of the GDP they spend on health care, which bodes well for the world. And as we know, the Western world constitutes of approximately 1 billion in population, whereas the rest of the world is approximately 7 billion to 8 billion, which should bode well for the long-term tailwind for the sector and the growth thereof. And how has the industry responded then? If you look at the left-hand side, you can see the number of ongoing clinical trials have doubled during the last decade, and seems like 2024 will not be an exception. The 2024 you see year-to-date data indicates that we will reach a new all-time high. On the right-hand side, you can see that slowly, but surely, we get more and more drugs approved over the years. There is obviously a lag time from a clinical start to a drug being approved. And back in the envelope, usually, we are talking about approximately 10 years. Therefore, we are very positive that the trials on the left-hand side will translate to more drugs on the market in the coming years. So when me and Ailsa started in this industry, the drugs were tablets and there were monoclonal antibodies which at that time was considered a novelty. But what has happened during the last decade is we have seen a branching out what a therapeutic treatment is nowadays. So one of the avenues is cell-based therapies. A patient that is -- has advanced blood cancer, for example, comes into the hospital, they draw the patient's blood, modify their cells, expand them and put them back into the patient as a treatment. So the cells basically are doing the work as a medicine, and they are killing the cancer cells. Sounds very much science fiction, but it is nowadays a reality and the cure rate is fascinatingly high. We have some avenues left to explore in that sense because at the moment, we only can address hematological malignancies, meaning blood cancers. But when solid tumors will be in the next frontier, but also if you can take cells from the shelf from other patients, not only the patients that are sick, you should just take whatever cells from the shelf. Gene therapies, very much affecting children, which are born with inborn errors. And what you can do, you can insert a functioning gene and basically cure patients from their ailments. RNA therapies, the Moderna vaccine was developed through this technology. It's an intermediate between the DNA and the proteins that collaborates in the biological system in the body. And the latest addition is gene editing where you basically just modify one base pair in the genome and makes the one gene dysfunctional or kicks in and start to make it functioning again. So this is what is going on, and we see alterations and iteration of these modalities, and we are only in the beginning of what we see as a kind of a revolution in therapeutics. Coming back to We see a lot of expansion in the scientific field, but also there is -- there needs to be someone paying for these drugs. And as you can see on this slide, the global pharmaceutical sales increased approximately 5% a year. What is very interesting to see is that irrespective of the economic backdrop, this is the last thing you cut down in a recession, but also when you have a boom, you tend not to increase that too much. And what this slide does not convey is that Ailsa has pointed out a couple of slides ago that we have patent expiries that also take off approximately the same amount as the growth here. So approximately double-digit growth of pharma sales on an annual basis. And we see this as a very, very positive for the biotech industry, knowingly that 60% to 80% of all new drugs approved on the market nowadays emanate from biotech or academia, and that's a source where we operate and we find these companies.
Ailsa Craig
executiveGreat. Thank you, Marek. This slide here, we try and describe what we've recognized over the over 20 years that Marek and I have been following the biotech sector. And what we've seen is that as and when there's a new exciting discovery for people to kind of get their teeth into and often meaning a new market, the capital markets, so biotech companies tend to get into more euphoric stage. And I've got a chart that shows this next. Then what tends to happen is there's a correction and then we have sort of despair stage and a recovery and then equilibrium. We think we're in the equilibrium stage. And why do we think that? That's because the IPO window, so new public offerings, has started up again, whereas they stopped completely during the kind of despair stage. We're seeing a steady stream of M&A and high-quality companies are raising money. What we saw coming out of the correction driven by the big boom during the COVID pandemic was another hit to the sector driven by interest rates. And again, I'll come back to that point. So on this slide, this shows the fundraising environment over in the U.S. for biotech companies. The dark blue blocks on the histogram indicate the IPO money raised, and you can see that that pretty much dried up during 2022, and now it's just reopening again. The green bars show the secondary offering, so companies that are already listed and raising more money. And that never went away completely during the 2022 nadir, which goes to show that good qualities can still raise -- good quality companies can still raise money. This chart here shows the relationship between the NASDAQ Biotech Index, which is the white line, versus the health care market, which is the yellow line and the S&P 500, so the broader market, which is the orange line. Historically, the normal relationship is that biotech tends to outperform the broader health care market and the health care market tends to outperform the broader market. However, that relationship, as you can see, has broken down in the last couple of years. What we've recognized in the past is there tends to be a boom and then a consolidation and then another boom and a consolidation within the sector. We obviously had the boom in 2011, '12, '13, '14 and '15. We've had a boom in 2020, 2021 and in the periods in between, consolidation. Now it's our view. We have seen a slight recovery in recent months, but it's our view that we're quite positive going forward on the sector on an absolute basis. The next slide is a slightly shorter time horizon that shows again how the broader market, the S&P, has outperformed biotech, and we think that's an interesting time to look at the sector again. I mentioned the relationship with interest rates. This slide shows the biotech market in green -- sorry, rates in green and the biotech market is dark blue, and the biotech market bottomed in October '23 when interest rates in the U.S. peaked at 5%. And why is that? That's because most of these companies don't expect cash flows for another, say, 10 years. And therefore, when you value the companies and use a higher discount rate, the net present value today will be lower when rates are higher. It's a very sort of simple relationship. And when rates started to rise and biotech is already coming out of the heady days of 2020, 2021, it was hit again. I think that's why the consolidation period was quite so protected this time around. So what we're doing in the fund is we've -- I mentioned at the beginning of the presentation that we managed to outperform in a down market when we first took over our first fiscal year and then flat market, and now we've had a positive market. And what we've done is we've stepped out of the more defensive larger companies and moved into the earlier-stage companies that we think would benefit from a recovery in biotech market. And instead of having large positions in smaller companies, which we think is too risky, we've done a basket approach. So we've taken various disease areas, met with lots of different companies with different approaches. And in that way, we are, in our view, mitigating the risk of owning some of these smaller names. So here's some examples of the baskets that we have in the fund at the moment. We've got central nervous system companies. So this would involve companies dealing with things like schizophrenia or depression, some mental health. We've got emerging oncology. So this would be cutting-edge new science trying to tackle the problem of cancer. We have an M&A target basket, so names that we think would be attractive to pharma companies to pick up. And we have an obesity basket, which I'm sure you're all aware of. So this sort of next-gen obesity companies with better versions of what we have at the moment, at least in their view. So obesity, at the moment, you'll be aware that there are 2 companies that dominate the market at the moment with approved drugs, GLP-1s for obesity. So Novo Nordisk and Lilly. Both of those companies have done incredibly well as they've managed to capture the huge demand for these drugs globally. Moving on to the next slide. There are, I think, over 70 companies now that are hot on the heels of this could be very large market that is obesity. Some name examples on the bottom right here. As you know, we have a basket approach. We can't disclose what's in that basket at the moment. Suffice to say, they're relatively small positions until we gradually learn more about their approach and get -- receive more data, we'll get more competent on those names and maybe add to those positions and sell the losers. At the moment, at the end of August 2024, the obesity basket made up just shy of 10% of NAV, so 10% of the whole of the trust. So moving on to portfolio analysis. This slide just shows how we do try and tilt the fund to larger caps or smaller caps depending on where we see we are in that cycle. So that wheel I spoke about earlier in the presentation. On the top-down basis, the things that we consider are interest rate environment, the stage of the business cycle generally. And on the left-hand side, these are the characteristics in no particular order that we look for in companies when we select them. But as we're going more into the SMId-cap end of the market, things like financial strength is more important. So we want our companies to have at least 2 years cash. Management is incredibly important as well. And then other areas like monopoly position, you're not going to find that out really until they get to the market. So idea generation, Marek and I attend medical and investor conferences over in the U.S. That's predominantly where most of the investments reside. We have access to key opinion leaders, have regular calls with our companies, especially the ones that we own most of. We have a risk mitigation approach, whereby we reduce our exposure to some of our holdings going into clinical readouts. That way we can preserve capital. We're very valuation sensitive. So if we feel that the science might be great, but the valuation doesn't stack up, then we will step aside and reinvest elsewhere. As I've mentioned, we have one eye on interest rates and what's going on there, and we can use our gearing facility, which is a closed-ended fund, so we're allowed to gear when we see short-term opportunities rather than having to sell a company to buy something else. And we certainly did that in October last year when yields peaked. We maxed out on our gearing to something like 14%, 15%, which is where we're kind of comfortable to peak at to exploit that nadir in the biotech market driven by interest rates. So this slide shows the distribution of companies in terms of size in the trust and also stage. And by stage, I mean companies that are early stage, which is top right are those that haven't launched a product, so 40% in early stage, 42% in companies that have launched a profit but not yet turned -- have launched a product but not turned profitable yet and 19% in companies that are profitable. And this used to be more 1/3, 1/3, 1/3. But as I've been saying, we've tilted out of the profitable names and more into the SMID-cap names because we're a bit more positive on the direction of travel for the biotech sector at the moment. Top left, you can also this sort of backed up by size. Large and mega cap companies now make up 23% of the trust. 12 months ago, that would have been a much bigger number. Bottom left, another change in the trust, if you're following us over the longer term, is that we're invested in CNS is our largest position. This isn't something that we do on a top-down basis. This falls out from the company selection. CNS stands for central nervous systems. So like I mentioned earlier, mental health, schizophrenia, depression, Rare diseases is a close second. This is, if you remember Marek's chart, showing the high growth of the rare disease segment of the market. And oncology has dropped to third place now at 14%. And then bottom right, just to show 85% of our investments are situated based in the U.S. Here's a snapshot of our top 10 at the end of August. We announce our top 10 every month on the fact sheet, which you can find on the website. One thing to point out on this slide, the positions are much smaller than they used to be. If you looked at our fund 12 months ago, you would have seen high single-digit positions, and that reflects the risk profile of these investments. So the Gilead and the Amgen, the large mega cap profitable companies, we were quite comfortable having larger positions in. But as you go down the market cap spectrum, we cut down that position. So we don't have big elephants in the fund. The Board have disclosed, this has gone on since 2016, that they would like to have 5% to 15% of the trust in venture funds. And currently, we have 2 venture funds, SV Fund VI and BCOF. BCOF is the latest investment and SV Fund VI is now maturing. BCOF has had 2 acquisitions. EyeBio was acquired by Merck and Nimbus by Takeda. So the returns on that fund have been really strong. This is our discount. So at the moment, we're trading at a low double-digit discount. This is something that's happening across most of the closed-ended funds out there right now. So we're no different in that sense. It is wide, and we are buying back stock as directed by the Board.
Lucy Costa Duarte
executiveSo thank you very much, Ailsa, Marek, for the presentation. We'll turn to questions. Thank you to all of you who've been watching and submitted some really interesting questions. So I'm going to start with one. This is something that we're asked about quite often actually, AI in biotech. And so I think Marek is normally the person that takes that question. So do we have plans to invest in AI-driven biotech companies or to collaborate with AI-focused investment funds?
Marek Poszepczynski
executiveIt's a really good question. I think what is important to kind of go step back is that pharma industry have always used AI or their predecessors to AI when it comes to developing drugs. Why you might ask is because it's so extremely expensive to develop drugs and a failure later stage is extremely costly. Thus, you introduce a lot of AI in the beginning of the process of developing drugs. So for just a matter of interest is that this year's Nobel Laureate received Nobel Prize for the structure of proteins, how they fold in 3 dimensions, which just shows you how much AI is used in pharmaceutical development. But coming back to that, we have used AI or a lot of computer power when it comes to screening drugs for future, meaning trying to find new ways of developing drugs. But one I often come up to is that when it comes to developing drugs, you're so much depending on serendipity findings in science, et cetera, and with AI, you base everything on what is knowledged out there and serendipity findings might be a problem. We don't know that yet, but it might become an issue in the future if we -- everyone uses the same algorithms, you will not find anything new.
Lucy Costa Duarte
executiveThank you, Marek. This question, I'll take. It's just a quick one. It was mentioned that IBT sits within Schroders Unit Trust. Why does it sit there not in investment trust? So actually, that's from a regulatory point of view, we sit within a business unit within Schroders called Schroders Unit Trust. But from a business point of view, we sit on the cross-section of thematics and Investment Trust. So we get the benefits of being both part of the thematics department and all the expertise there that Ailsa alluded to the other health care offering. And on the investment trust side, we have the advantage of being part of the investment trust business in Schroders. So we have all the marketing and sales that comes with that and obviously, the administrative side. So yes, it was a bit of a strange point to make, but just to explain that. Just on unquoted investments within the portfolio, are there plans to expand our exposure to private equity or other venture opportunities to provide more stability and long-term growth?
Ailsa Craig
executiveI can take that one. So this is a Board decision. And the range of between 5% and 15% has been going on for a very long period of time. There's no noises at the moment that that will change. As and when the fund -- the latest fund investment, BCOF and SV Fund VI exit, however, that percentage will drop. Equally, if the quoted portfolio recovers, which we've seen in recent months, then the unquoted position will fall passively. So the Board meet once a year and they decide during that meeting what they want to do on various aspects of the trust, not just the weighting in unquoted and they can make a decision on investing in the new fund, if you like. And it must be noted that although historically, we've invested in SV Health Investors funds, they're not wedded to SV Health Investors. Obviously, the relationship is there, but they don't have to invest in that fund. So suffice to say, any changes to any new investments going forward or any changes to that threshold, you'll hear about directly from the Board. We have -- I think one thing to take into consideration is that we are trading at a discount and some of the private equity trusts tend to trade at wider discounts than the fully quoted ones. So that's one thing to just bear in mind. I think the Board would consider that as well.
Lucy Costa Duarte
executiveThank you. Given that U.S. health care policy changes could impact biotech valuations, what steps are being taken to hedge against potential policy risks such as drug pricing reform?
Ailsa Craig
executiveSo that legislation has now -- has already been passed and will come into effect in 2026. The way we view the Inflation Reduction Act or the section that discusses price negotiations for Medicare is that this puts more pressure on the large cap companies, so the big companies, Merck, Pfizer, AbbVie. And what it's doing is basically bringing forward the IP cliff that they were already facing. And it doesn't really affect the biotech companies. And therefore, we think it's putting more pressure on pharma companies to do M&A. So like I said in the presentation, I think once the election is out of the way, we might see a resurgence of M&A with the clarity of who's president, clarity on the Competition Commission, the FTC, but equally, this huge IP -- wall of IPs coming up on the original slide that I showed.
Lucy Costa Duarte
executiveSo how the rare disease treatments fit within the baskets that we set out?
Marek Poszepczynski
executiveThat's a really good question. So to begin with, rare diseases are very interesting in that sense, there are several thousands of them. So when you develop a drug, you often become the only drug available for these patients. And these diseases in majority of cases are very severe. So it's the only one and often affecting very few, just by the definition of rare diseases. So you can -- you have a good pricing and the profitability will be good. Clinical trials tend to be a bit shorter in general. But also you get regulatory protection from the agencies because you get incentives to develop drugs that normally would have not been developed because it's too costly to develop them. And in this environment, also specifically when you think about the Inflation Reduction Act, these drugs when it comes to orphans, they are exempt from the IRA, which also is a one way of -- the previous question was how do we mitigate? This is one way of mitigating that.
Lucy Costa Duarte
executiveThank you. So one thing, we love the enhanced dividend as it enables the holding -- sorry, it enables holding a growth trust such as IBT in a sector where an income is also important. And do we have plans to retain this for the longer term? And do we have a view on why more growth trusts aren't also offering this?
Ailsa Craig
executiveI think actually, since we introduced it, the Board introduced it in 2016, more and more trusts are introduced -- have this dividend out of capital approach. Within our space, that stayed the same. There's one other fund that does that. The Board have, like I said, made no noises to change the dividend policy whatsoever. One of the strong feedback messages from our top shareholders when the fund was moved was to keep the dividend.
Lucy Costa Duarte
executiveYes. And that's on every year. So we've got quite a few questions that all sort of relate to obesity. So I'll try and group them together. First one, what proportion of the fund sits in the obesity space? I think we answered that in the presentation, it was 10%.
Ailsa Craig
executiveYes.
Lucy Costa Duarte
executiveI didn't understand fully from the obesity section if you invest in bigger companies like Eli Lilly or just the smaller emerging companies?
Ailsa Craig
executiveWe can't disclose, unfortunately, the names, the individual names of the companies. We can invest in whatever we want. So we can invest in big pharma or teeny-tiny biotech, but yes, we are valuation sensitive. That's something just to be aware of. And we do want to invest in the next generation of obesity assets rather than that sort of our philosophy. But we may invest in them if we choose to.
Lucy Costa Duarte
executiveAnd this one relates to obesity and I suppose other parts of the portfolio. What percentage of your holdings are related to illnesses that result from poor diet and ultra-processed foods?
Marek Poszepczynski
executiveWell, you can think about all diseases indirectly, cancer, heart disease, CNS.
Ailsa Craig
executiveQuite difficult to say that it was a direct result of that lifestyle, behavior, but I think there are many diseases that are linked with lifestyle.
Marek Poszepczynski
executiveObesity for sure, I mean, heart disease is one, definitely.
Lucy Costa Duarte
executiveOkay. And this one is topical for today, and I think it will be the last question actually. So have you made any changes to help the trust mitigate the risk of the unknown outcome of the U.S. election? Have you made any changes to help the trust mitigate the risk of the unknown outcome of the U.S. election?
Ailsa Craig
executiveWell, to be honest, this election for health care is pretty benign. The legislation for drug pricing has gone through under the Dems. They -- if Trump were to bring it up, the Dems could just waive the fact that they had actually introduced something about drug pricing. And it's been generally quite a neutral impact on the sector. They haven't really talked about it that much either in debate. So we've kind of -- we've gone into this election with a view that it will be nice to have clarity behind us, but there hasn't been much sort of hedging of anything going into it.
Marek Poszepczynski
executiveAnd we have taken some steps when it comes to potential geopolitical moves depending on the candidate.
Lucy Costa Duarte
executiveThink that's it from the Q&A.
Unknown Attendee
attendeePerfect. Ailsa, Marek, Lucy, if I may just jump back in there, thank you very much indeed for being so generous for your time there and addressing all of those questions that came in from investors this afternoon. And of course, if there are any further questions that do come through, we'll make these available to you immediately after the presentation has ended just for you to review to then add any additional responses, of course, where it's appropriate to do so. And we'll publish all those responses out on the platform. But Ailsa, perhaps before really just looking to redirect those on the call to provide you with their feedback, which I know is particularly important to yourself and the company, if I could please just ask you for a few closing comments just to wrap up with, that would be great.
Ailsa Craig
executiveYes. No, thank you, and thank you very much. It's really great to hear some people dialing in to listen to our annual results. And like I said, the presentation can be found on our website, the Schroders website. So thank you very much for your time.
Marek Poszepczynski
executiveThank you.
Unknown Attendee
attendeePerfect, guys. That's great. And thank you once again for updating investors this afternoon. Could I please ask investors not to close this session as you'll now be automatically redirected for the opportunity to provide your feedback in order that the management team can really better understand your views and expectations. This will only take a few moments to complete, but I'm sure it will be greatly valued by the company. On behalf of the management team of the International Biotechnology Trust plc, we would like to thank you for attending today's presentation. That now concludes today's session. So good afternoon to you all.
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