Mettler-Toledo International Inc. (MTD) Earnings Call Transcript & Summary

Okay. Good afternoon and good morning to you, where we are in the world. Good evening, even and welcome to this slide when even from Mettler-Toledo Process Analytics. Before we start, I just want to let you know that the webinar is being recorded for possible future use. Any question-and-answer session at the end will be removed from the recording. [Operator Instructions] please welcome to this webinar on enhancing process safety within gas analysis. My name is Philip Barnes I'm value content manager for Mettler-Toledo Process Analytics. Our presenter today is Jean Nic Adami, Head of Business Development for Gas Analytics at Mettler-Toledo. Jean Nic holds a Ph.D. in Material Science and Marketing, and he draws on over 15 years of experience in the development, sales and marketing of process analytical equipment. The topic of webinar today, as I mentioned, is enhancing process safety in chemical processes and safety is always a hot topic. I'm sure you'll find Jean Nic's presentation very informative. And I will now hand over to Jean Nic.

Hello, everyone. Thank you for session. Looking forward to share this presentation with you, let me just go live, just a second. Here we are. So hello, everyone, again. Welcome from Zurich, Switzerland here. We will talk today about new ways of enhancing the process safety with a new kind of gas analyzers called tunable diode lasers. They are now up to the game and perfectly fit to be inserted in clinical process for safety monitoring and safety control. As Phil alluded in the beginning, safety is a big concern. It's ever-present concern. And now it's been a bit also rising in the, I would say, in different levels of management because of different perspectives that are now added to the fact that, of course, if you are managing chemical plant, you want the operations to run safely. It's all about sustainability. That means that now a plant that is running must also have statements really regarding the impact on the environment. It has to have also statements ready when it comes to, of course, emissions and the control of emissions. And now even the talk is about having statements or actions ready when it comes to providing green energy for these plants. So generally speaking, ESG, or environmental, social and governance policies are now very much at board level, and they are very much topics that go just beyond the simple or the everlasting plant safety as we know. As I mentioned in the beginning, there are new ways now to improve safety using gas analysis. The choice that you have in the sense that for gas analysis, you have a lot of technologies and brands and installation features that you have to look after. There is 1 more. But with this new option is actually simpler than what you -- this is why it is worth deep diving on that and understanding why this could actually work for you as well. So it all is about what in the jargon -- professional jargon is called the process hazard analysis. It's a circle actually, it's a cycle with the internal about 3 to 5 years from the design of the chemical plant. It runs through iterations, where, for example, previously unrecognized hazards are identified. For example, because the plant has been modified, there is an extension, there is a change of brand in one of the equipment manufacturers. And therefore, the risk assessment has to be done again. It's, of course, about making basically the plant safer. So there are risk factors, risk numbers that are sewed with this PHA and having instruments that are basically helping for the safety can also improve those numbers. When problems occur, however, there is also, of course, mitigation scenarios that are being designed or prepared. So plans for containing the problem containing the incident or even the accident. Then also, there are risk or scenario risk to assess whether or not the current safeguards that are in place are actually sufficient for the problem that may occur in the beginning. Problems in chemical plants occur all the same. They are incidents that are locked all the time. And depending on the seriousness of the incident, a full audit may be necessary afterwards. So some sort of basically debugging and reconstructing the chain of events that led to the problem. And here also processes analysis with the right instruments with the right measurement instruments can greatly be improved and simplified. HAZOP is maybe a buzzword that you may have heard or may be using. This is a technique that is recently used within PHA for that means hazards and operability studies. So the tune goes like this. They are basically running the process in itself because of the nature of the chemical or the chemical reactions that are necessarily produce -- the design outcome, the desired product. So there is the process itself and the design of the process must be done in such a way that it is safe. There will be another layer here, where we start to have an impact with measurement instruments and the critical alarms, critical levels must be defined. The alarms must then be detected and acted upon by automatic devices. Maybe another buzz word can be mentioned SIS, is our safety implemented systems. Basically, it's a mini unit that involves having a sensor, some sort of intelligence and some actuator. For example, a valve that can be shutdown when a measurement value exceeds a certain level. Then you go to relief devices. We will come in the case study, I'm going to present to exactly such a case, a relief device or a buffer tank where you're supposed to mitigate or start to mitigate the possible impact. You have then in the event that the problem is occurring, you have then different layers in response to the problem that has just happened like evacuation plans or even community response when it comes to, of course, informing the environment or the region around the plant. So this is how the system is basically constructed. Again, we act here at this second and third level with the new option, I would say, to have safe devices like Tunable diode laser for gas measurement. I'm going to run a 6-minute video now that describes in greater detail what has happened in a paper mill plant in United States. This report is done by the -- and this video has been issued by the authorities that could reconstruct exactly what happens. So I will let this video know. I'll be here in the background. We will continue with my presentation after the 6 minutes, and I will elaborate on those conclusions. [Presentation]

And here you go. So I will continue here at this point. I hope you could understand here the details of this dramatic incident that happened in the plant. And basically, as usual in such situations, the incident was caused by different issues. There are human aspects. Remember, the valve that was closed. So that more turpentine was actually present in the tank as anybody expected. So there are some regulations or, I would say, omissions between the team members or the crew members that maybe cause that. But as we can see also, and it was very clear in the video, there were also -- there was an ingress of air into the tank. The valve, the relief valve in itself is a necessary item to have the target actually what they call tank collapsing, is just a danger of a tank explosion. And when they are differences in pressure between the internal and the outside world, then the last thing you want is the tank itself to collapse. But this air here should have -- because the combination, of course, of air or basically a source of oxygen, a flammable chemical like turpentine and the spark, the combination of the 3 can lead to an explosion. The best thing that should have been done here at this level, would've been to deploy an inertization system based on the gas measurement -- oxygen gas measurement, that would have detected the presence of oxygen beyond a certain safety level. This safety level, very specific for this kind of process or the value itself beyond the safety level would have triggered an alarm, and possibly here, it's also mentioned, it would have triggered a purging automatic sparging of nitrogen into the tank, ensuring that no such combination of oxygen to high turpentine and spark would damage or lead to an explosion. So this is how, of course, things where we're reconstructed afterwards, unfortunately. But the remaining is that now the gas analysis or the gas analyzers are becoming the inherent power safety systems. The only question that you have to face and that has to be answered is, which gas analysis system is up to the task, of inerting or taking on inertization task on and that and by doing that completely safely, of course. So let's have a look, first of all, what are the criteria, the selection criteria that has to be met in order for a gas analyzer to perform its duty safely within a safety system. One of the most important points is the response time. Some gas analyzers have a delayed response time just by the fact that they are installed in an extractive way. What I mean by that is the sample is taken from -- through a little pipe directly to the analyzer. We see that in this picture here. This is an analyzer installed in a shelter, where the gas is pumped to the analyzer. The path to the analyzer can be sometimes quite long. There are ways to shorten that time, but to responsiveness in general of such extractive setups are longer than in an easy to setup. Easy to set up would mean that the sensing element is in direct or indirect contact with the processed gas mix and therefore, can react faster to changes of concentration. Also, you want this In Situ measurement to take place where you need it, exactly where you need it, meaning being in the pipe itself or in the tank, whatever your PHA analysis leads to basically your hazard analysis leads to. This is the task of engineers to find out where is the best location for the measurement point. You want the analyzer, of course, to perform reliably, which means first and foremost, to measure accurately, gas analysis, sometimes is tainted by the fact that there are some cross interfering species in the gas mix. Such a cross interference means that the variation of the background element in the gas mix can lead to a wrong measurement of the main species you want to measure of the analyzer in this particular case of oxygen, as we saw before. So this cross interferences must be checked or completely eliminated by design or by the choice of the technology. You want to minimize the downtimes, you want to have an instrument that is also capable of measurement in harsh conditions. I would here specifically mention electromagnetic compliance. It's not unusual to have spikes on the power lines of the chemical plant itself, due, for example, of the starting of a heater or a pump or a large piece of equipment. You don't want your measurement to be impacted by such events. SIL, safety integrity level, this is the technique. This is actually an international guideline the 61508 guideline that describes what operators as well as instrument manufacturers can or should do in terms of systematic procedure to improve the -- or to decrease the risk and improve the safety of the operations. Cost effectiveness also here, a major point. Safety, this is the reality, and that's unfortunately so. Safety comes at a cost. You want to maximize safety always and you have to keep your [check loss] in check. And here again, your choice of the technology for gas analysis can largely impact those costs. And you need to know that you need to know the return of investment and the OpEx basically of the analyzer you are going to switch on in your plant. Of course, considerations like the maintenance efforts, the time to replace, worn out parts. This is, of course, also playing a role because the time where the instrument is not measuring is the time typically where the plant must be shut down or the part of the plan must be shut down to ensure safety. All right. So looking again at those 3 main criteria. So whether or not a sampling system is needed because the management can only take place on an extractive setup. Whether or not the instrument needs regular calibration, whether or not the sensor of the gas analyzer needs replacement or reconditioning of some parts in order to perform well. You can see here, I have listed different gas analyzer types. These are the most frequent in the industry without the gas chromatographs, of course, this is a different ball game. And we are talking about paramagnetic oxygen measurement. We are talking about phosphor pentoxide, moisture measurement. We're talking about the [indiscernible] (00:38:01) oxide oxygen management, aluminum oxide sensor are also for moisture management typically for CO2 measurement, fuel cell or electrochemical cells are also yet another oxygen, measurement technology. And as you can see, they all come with some drawbacks. You don't want less. Only 1 actually fulfills all 3 requirements and the buzzword is TDL, tunable diode laser technology or absorption spectrometers as they are specifically known in the industry -- and this is -- these are the ones that I would like to zoom in, in the rest of my presentation. Enhanced safety, here, you can see in this top graph there are substantial differences when you look at oxygen measurement with the TDL, oxide, paramagnetic and electrochemical cell. You can go with a factor of 10 from 2 seconds response time to 20 seconds. This could prove to be completely inefficient in a safety system. Or if you really want to use an electrochemical system into a safety system, this because of cost reason, for example, because they are clearly the ones with the lower purchasing costs, you will come up with a big compromise because you will have, for example, large safety margins that are necessary because your response time is just too long. So it's better to have a short response time for the immediate detection of process upsets. You want a measurement also because you want to avoid any leakage problems. It's also a collateral problem that happens a lot of time. When you do extractive management, you may also pump in oxygen that is leaking from the sample point, from the taping point. And this will also lead to wrong measurements. Luckily enough in the -- that means you are exaggerating the oxygen content, but so you are, I would say, on the safe side. But nevertheless, it will be even better to have no leakage and no -- or to have a higher sample gas integrity. I mentioned the fact that the cross interferences before. This is solved in the TDL by the specific selection of a laser emetic light source that is hyper-specific in the wavelength range even more specific than what you would get in NDIR system, for example, which means that you measure at the exact wavelength where an absorption peak is expected from the target species you want to measure. This absorption peak is then in turn related in its intensity with the concentration of the target species itself in the gas mix. So the higher the absorption of the gas through this hyper-specific laser light, the higher the concentration of the target gas essentially. There are different ways to accomplish that. The measurement principle of our TDL is direct absorption, which is even better when you have -- when you consider, for example, collateral problems that you may have with hydrogen as a background basis. The TDL doesn't have any moving parts. It has no rotating parts, whatsoever, the detecting element is completely separated through pressure-tested window from the pressure gas, those windows, those optical components need some purge gas, but at very low consumption. By design here also because we use absolute absorption principle. By design, the calibration of the instrument happens only once and that is at the factory. And if ever you need on the gas analysis -- on the gas analyzer, some parts that may wear out like filters. These filters can be replaced on the spot at the measurement location itself. So this is what you have to take into account when selecting the gas analyzer, again. It's been quite rare so far that TDLs are used in safety systems because of lack of knowledge, I think, because of lack of dissipation of the information also. These are now mainstream instruments. TDL have been on the market for more than 20 years. And at Mettler-Toledo, we made sure also that those TDL ga analyzers can perform very reliably, of course, but also very, very easy to use. This is the typical setup here that we have for our GPro 500 Series. It doesn't -- the setup is the same for all the different target pieces that we measure. I will bite you through each of those elements. First of all, here, you have a vertical pipe with the gas to be measured, the process gas to be measured. The process gas can contain high quantities dust or contestable. Actually, the measurement is quite tolerant to those side effects. The measurement can take place or does take place -- excuse me, exactly in that part of the probe here, where you see the red laser light, double beam, I will come to that also later, while this is double beam. And so you are measuring In Situ within the process gas pipe. The only thing that you need here is flange attached to 1 side of the pipe, where you insert the probe on top of which resides the gas analyzer itself. The gas analyzer is flame blue -- flame proof encapsulated, so attacks or FM class [1 div 1]. So you don't need to install in this particular setup, you don't need to install your analyzer in a shelter, you save money, you save also shelter real estate, which is extremely expensive. And if you look at the details of the spectrometer itself, you will find, of course, all the analyzer here on the electronics and basically signal processing is taking place exactly here at the measurement. You have the laser source here. And the laser is being actually 90 degrees to the processed gas. It has been twice here on 2 prism. The first prism will split the light into 1 part going to the -- towards the process pipe, okay? And it's 50% at laser beam will go straight on to another prism that will 100% reflect the light on to, we call it a reference detector. So part of the beam is always internal, whatever the concentration of the state you analyzer outside. We have a self-monitoring device that can tell us the exact status of the laser light over the 10-year lifespan of the laser diode. Here, we've got this laser beam going -- collimated laser beam that goes here at this point through a pressure testing window. So again, nothing coming from the process gas will go beyond this point here. The light -- laser beam will continue its path. It's through the process gas, it will be reflected here onto what technically is called a corner cube or reflecting element that has the ability to reflect the light at 90 degrees -- sorry, actually 360 degrees with 3 mirrors that are placed at 90 degrees each. So whatever the angle this corner cube is at compared to the analyzer itself, the light will always come back parallel here and hit the measurement detector which is situated next to the reference detector that we just discussed before. So we have 100% of the light going out of the laser. We don't have 100% of the light coming back for 2 reasons. One is the attenuation because of the dust and maybe condensate, it can be present here. But this attenuation because we use longer hook this attenuation can be compensated as the ratio of the 100% light of the reference path compared to the path that is actually going through the element. There is a second path of the acceleration, which of laser light that is measured by this detector which is caused by the fact that depending on the concentration of the target pieces here, let's call again, let's say, oxygen. More oxygen present in the gas will attenuate the laser light at a very specific nanometer exact frequency that there is no -- that is well documented. We don't have to scan. We have just to fix the laser light, the laser emission light exactly on that wavelength in order to make sure that the light -- again, the light absorption that stems from the higher concentration of oxygen is fully detected and accounted for into the gas analyzer. This will be here top right, the typical installation of an institute gas analyzer GPro 500. You can see here prior designs of other vendors would imply on the right-hand side, it would have another arm here, another plant with another arm because prior design use an emitting light that is separating from the detector side. So the laser and the detector would be on 2 arms that need to be aligned from each other. This is not the case at Mettler-Toledo we -- this is why we have the corner cube. We fold back the light, and therefore, we need only to install the analyzer with 1 [flanges]. We don't have any specific requirement for alignment. The flexibility of this concept is great. That means, for example, if you're engineers -- if your safety engineer, mentioned or come to the conclusion that the measurement has to be done at mid-8 for example, on this large pipe, we are probably here at 5 to 10 meters above ground. You don't need to install a platform to do that as if you would need to, if you are having a TDL, I would say, old style or traditional style with the laser side and the detector side that are separated. Here, you could come with a mobile crane installed the device on D1 -- on day 1 when you want to start up the instrument and leave the platform or -- and no operation no other operation will be required at this point for this analyzer. This pipe is quite large. Here, you can see probably 1, 1.5 meter or 4 to 6 feet diameter. When it comes to 1 inch or 50 mm pipe, we can also measure here. You can see the spectrometer, the analyzer itself is also present, and we measure with a wafer that is flanged between 2 flanges here directly on this pipe that is in this direction. When conditions arise, that we still need to go extractive and use assembling system. We can also use flow-through cells with our GPro 500 to be installed on a cabinet. The cabinet does not need necessarily to be located in the shelter because all the equipment in this cabinet can be made in Zone 1 version, and therefore, doesn't need to be as far as the gas analyzer. This is an overview that shows you 2 things. First of all, it's a wrong concept. We have basically the ability with several kinds of process adoptions here to measure at very different and very specific measurement point locations. We always say where we can place a cheaper measurement matters. So where your hazard tells you, a measurement point is necessary here for safety reason and exactly here, we can accommodate, for example, in -- by going a very small pipe or by going in a very large pipe with such products that can be even further extended into the pipe. We can accommodate also for even high dust loads or condensates loads with specific filters. This will be a PTF filter or filter of different granularities. It's a round wound concept because also each of those blue box can contain the laser source and the corresponding detector for the measurement difference target species, oxygen being the first and foremost. CO, CO2, moisture, H2S, HCL, ammonia and methane are the ones that we currently measure. This concept does not allow you as a user to basically exchange internal parts to have 1 day on oxygen TDL, and the other day, maybe an ammonia TDL. This has been done factory, x works. But nevertheless, you have a very rugged and reliable system here, complete system that you can use in the early stage of your process hazard analysis and insert in different positions, points in your process where gas analysis -- a gas measurement or consideration management is required for risk reduction measures. Here for your reference, this publication will be also distributed and you can find that in our -- basically in our datasheet. You can see here, depending on how our narrow the absorption lines are of 2 different target species like CO and CO2 here. Sometimes we can measure 2 species at the same time. It's about it -- when it comes to technology. So far, we haven't seen anyone in the industry coming up with 1 laser that can actually of this kind of laser, which are lasers essentially that measure more than 2 gases at the same time. Again, if you want to push the limits of this technology, you'll have to go to different types of laser sources. It's called ICLs, interband cascade lasers, but they also come with different drawbacks in terms of reliability. Let me round out this presentation here with a few examples of all, but later also being -- but let me maybe recap. You may have selected the right analyzer for your operation for risk-free or for risk-free operation in your plant, but you still have to install and maintain the analyzer according to the highest standards. And this is why Mettler-Toledo as a global organization also can help you because of our vast network of service tech that all have access to the same document, the same guidelines, the same templates, the same reports and the same tools, of course. So we are here right from the beginning, which means even before the installation, we will call meetings with you to get everyone around the table that needs to be informed like the electrician, like the welder for the flange, if no flange has been yet installed and the like so that the installation and of course, the shutdown that is necessary during the installation day can be kept at the minimum time. Typically, a GPro 500 can be installed within half a day and you can run operations back. So you're back in service, back in business after just half a day. This is absolutely possible. We have also, as you can see here, installation commissioning service packages that we sell. We have preventative maintenance packages also will come in a minute -- or I think next slide, what it really contains. We have a factory or site acceptance protocols also to comply with your own SOPs and of course, here again, reporting, we can provide detailed report on what we've done at the measurement location. Preventive maintenance on a low maintenance analyzer is still necessary. First of all, as you can see, upgrades on the plants or chemical plants are routine. It's mandatory sometimes. You have to keep up the performance of the plants and those upgrades can impact on really, the performance of the gas analyzer. I think for instance, the flooding, simply of the flooding of a tank or the dust that can be accumulated on the process windows during the months long shutdown, right? These are things when you go back online with the analyzer, you need to check that, you need also to have people that come regularly to check the quality of the laser. Again, it's suppose the last 10 years, but we have tools also to monitor whole analyzer lifetime, and we have KPIs that will provide you with a date basically, when is the next maintenance to be scheduled. Here is an example, for example, for maintenance reports. These are the types of operations we do at the measurement point. We can adjust the sparge rate to the minimum level where yet the sparging of the window is enough to avoid [falling] but it is also cost economical, and you don't have a too high nitrogen consumption. We can reduce the optical noise. We can inspect the history file, look for past errors in the file. We can change filters on site. We have tools for rapid verification of calibration of the analyzer, even if necessary. So these are all operations that can be done typically by a service technician for Mettler-Toledo in your country. Incident handling. I'd like just to spend 1 minute on that because debugging of incidents that were dangerous on or called near miss is highly relevant in the industry because this is the way to learn. This is the way to improve the process. And the more safety engineers can debug the process and audit them with yet more information, the better they can understand what has gone wrong and the faster they can take measures against that. So we have, as I mentioned before, we have, for example, this continuous monitoring of the laser source by itself inside the analyzer, you need to know that by a means by yourself. We have a dedicated software that runs on a laptop, you can connect to the measurement point that your detailed briefs on the state of different electronic components. We have an onboard log book of several gigabytes. We can store spectral data at regular intervals that you can set so that you can reconstruct post mortem, what has happened at any particular given time of the process run. Here is the final point here before I close for questions. These are examples of the installation. We are replacing here Zirconia [indiscernible] (01:02:15) oxygen analyzer in the combustion process. Zirconia are cost economical from actually a very long lasting, but they have some drawbacks, some safety drawbacks or so when no provision is taken in order to cope with what they call flash fires, which is basically an instant flame that can come from the process. But zirconium oxide cells can be also damaged, for example, during the process shutdown as it was the case here. But it's also a well-known fact, that sulphur containing gas, damaged the sensing element of zirconium gas oxygen analyzer, which reduced the slope and sensitivity of the analyzer, which by the way, is an In Stu, but relatively slow analyze as well. Here, you can see an intricate set of pipes on the dome of the reactor. The reactor is here below floor. The plate here on which -- or the level at which the operator is there is basically an opening where actually an accident has happened. During the opening of this special piece here, the backfire flash fire has taken place because there was no [inter] system that was in place here in that particular part. So when the operator needed to put some powers inside the reactor through this spike is opening, he got face burns because of this flash fire because there was too much oxygen at the point of release of the powder. The solution was here to install a wafer that would verify that this part of the process piping is in earth before it's released for opening. Maybe as a last application here, not only oxygen is a safety relevant measurement in chlor-alkali plants, for example, where corrosion can be a big topic, chloride corrosion and we also have analyzer to improve the safety. MDI and TDI production involved like in this example, involves force gene. This is why -- which is, of course, extremely toxic. This is why we have quadruple on measurement in this We measured the oxygen concentration up to a level of 1100 ppm, typically less than 10 ppm. It is absolutely possible with our with our analyzers. And we decided here also for performance reasons to go with the PTFE filter, we also to get a fast response time but yet to get rid of the condensates at the measurement point. All right. So this was basically the information I wanted to provide you so that in the future, you can make better informed decisions when it comes to research case assessment HAZOP that you have to run in your -- maybe your facility or that you've been involved into places are now up to the game. That can be used in safety systems. They are reliable because they are fast, they are collaboration -- calibration-free and vastly interference free by design. We made sure that you have correct installation and operation of the system from day 1 with the service procedures and service products that we offer, so that we maintain ourselves the quality and the performance of the analyzer at its best, and we allow you or we indicate you when some ware parts need to be replaced. Exactly, I think this is more or less what I wanted to give you or provide you as information. I would give it back now to Phil. I couldn't have a look at the chart box but let me know if there are any questions or any live questions.

Thank you, Jean Nic. That was very informative indeed. [Operator Instructions] And I was wondering, Jean Nic, is the GPro 500 SIL certified?

It's -- we call it SIL-compliant. I mentioned before, Phil, that the SIL guideline is quite an extensive one. It relies for the -- on the operator side, for example, on strict maintenance and logging procedures so that each and every event during the processes of the analysis can be relate, documented and acted upon on the supplier side, on the instrument manufacturer side, we have to comply on the hardware side as well as on the software side. We have taken measures already on the hardware side. So we've done what is called an Archimedes analysis on the hardware, that is according to the standards and documented with the values that are necessary for you to implement into the gas analyzer into an SIL. The software, however, is still developed to the internal standards with internal software testing procedures and documentation.

Good. Okay. Laura is asking a question, what is the recommended frequency to calibrate?

That's a question we cannot avoid. And I will not get tired by telling you this instrument needs only a factory calibration. But I will go a little bit more into detail for what exactly do you mean by calibration? Let's look at maybe the metrological meaning of that word. Let's -- again, from the metrology standpoint, that's made the difference between a calibration and an adjustment. A calibration is simply a measurement that you take in reference conditions. Reference conditions could be, for example, by flowing a certified gas through a flow cell, and therefore, you have a very good reference value, for example, 5% oxygen. And you calibrate, which means that you look at what the instrument response might be. If you go 1 step more, which is the adjustment that would mean that you tell the instrument that maybe was really -- 4.9%, right, or any value, you tell the instrument by this adjustment or by pressing adjust on the instrument keyboard, you tell to make the correction and make this 4.9% appear like 5%. This -- so the adjustment is not necessarily on a GPro. But however, of course, you are free to calibrate or in better terms, popular terms, to verify the instrument using our verification cell. We do provide a verification cell that can be taken on site to the analyzer. It's a very portable solution, so that you get a better feeling that the measurement that has taken place is the right one. But again, from the technology standpoint, there is no drift of the signal. There is no 0-point shift of the instrument, Tunable diode laser from Mettler-Toledo are based on absorption spectroscopy. So we measure a physical and documented value, which is the absorption of the gas, and therefore, you don't need to calibrate the analyzer. Typically, however, what users do is they start with a verification interval, the popular terms of 12 months. And by the time they -- after several years, they get a better feeling because they see the analyze that doesn't move, they extend those intervals.

Okay. Thank you. And a question from Martin, who is asking what is the frequency range, the GPro 500 can operate at?