Preferred Bank (PFBC) Earnings Call Transcript & Summary

Good day, and welcome to the Preferred Bank Third Quarter 2024 Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions]. Please note, this event is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference over to Jeff Haas of Financial Profiles. Please go ahead.

Thanks, Wyn. Hello, everyone. Thank you for joining us to discuss Preferred Bank's financial results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2024. With me today from management are Chairman and CEO, Li Yu; President and Chief Operating Officer, Wellington Chen; Chief Financial Officer, Edward Czajka; and Chief Credit Officer, Nick Pi. Management will provide a brief summary of the results and then we will open up the call to your questions. During the course of this conference call, statements made by management may include forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements are based upon specific assumptions that may or may not prove correct. Forward-looking statements are also subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors relating to Preferred Bank's operations and business environment, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond the control of Preferred Bank. For a detailed description of these risks and uncertainties, please refer to the SEC-required documents that the bank files with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or FDIC. If any of these uncertainties materialize or any of these assumptions prove incorrect, Preferred Bank's results could differ materially from its expectations as set forth in these statements. Preferred Bank assumes no obligation to update such forward-looking statements. At this time, I'd like to turn the call over to Mr. Li Yu. Please go ahead.

Thank you, Jeff. Good morning. I'm very pleased to report that Preferred Bank Third Quarter net income was $33.6 million (sic) [ $33.4 million ] or $2.46 a share. The highlight of this quarter is a successful reduction of our nonperforming loans, which resulted in no charge-offs, but $800,000 of interest recovery. Criticized loans, however, has increased quite largely due to one relationship. And currently, we believe this increase in criticized loan is a temporary event. Net -- noninterest expense has increased somewhat unexpectedly but that was the reason that we have made a valuation charge of $1.7 million on our OREO. This OREO is currently in escrow and scheduled to be closed later this month. Loan demand seemed to have increased and payoff slowdown. Our net increase in loan for the quarter is a little bit over 10% on the annualized basis. Deposits, however, has decreased slightly from last quarter in the amount of $11 million. Immediately, the Preferred Bank has been started to monitor the deposits portfolio since early September to not competing for the higher cost deposits. As a result, cost of deposit has reduced slightly in the third quarter from the second quarter. Net interest margin improved due to already, obviously, the deposit cost decreased due to the net interest, I mean, recovery and also because of a change in the leverage in our loan-to-deposit relationship. Efficiency ratio of 30.6% is a little higher than previous quarters but if we disregard the nonrecurring events of the valuation charge in the OREO, the efficiency ratio would be about 28.5% approximately. At September 30, Preferred Bank's loan portfolio consists of 26% of fixed rate loans and 74% of floating rate loans with most of them having a floor. We believe the -- our loan sensitivity is in reasonable balance with the sensitivity of our deposits portfolio. I do like to point out our TCD portfolio has a different nature that it will reduce in a smaller amount in the earlier months, but catch up and reduce -- cost reduce in the bigger-dollar amount at the later stage of the TCD. We are happy to see that finally, we see the federal government's rate cut, and we project that probably there will be continuous, moderate rate cuts going forward. We'll stay, obviously, very focused on that. Thank you very much. Now I'm ready for your questions.

[Operator Instructions] The first question comes from Matthew Clark with Piper Sandler.

I wanted to start on the margin and get a sense for what the average was in the month of September with or without the recovery and then the spot rate on deposits at the end of September, if you had it, if not the month of September.

Matthew, the margin for the month of September, excluding the recovery was 4.03%. Cost of deposits, spot, at the end of September, 3.96%.

Great. Okay. And then on the floating rate loans, 74%, I think, of the total mix is floating. I think you mentioned in the release that most of them have floors. But can you give us some more details on specifically how much of that -- those floating, those variable rate loans have floors and where those levels are?

Right. So of the 76% -- 74%, excuse me, that are floating, 99% have floors. However, they're at various stages, Matthew, as you and I have discussed previously but we have approximately 22%, 23% of those floors are within 75 to 100 basis points of their actual rate and the remainder of those are over 100 basis points from their current stated rate.

Okay. And then what's your outlook on your loan and deposit beta this cycle, this easing cycle, assuming we get the rate cuts that the forward curve is suggesting, where do you -- do you think we match? What you did on the way up? Or do you feel like it might be a little less than that on either side of the balance sheet?

I would say a lot of it, Matthew, depends on the pace if we get a steady 25, 25 bleed out every couple of months that is really for us an ideal scenario because it will allow us to better match the repricing of liabilities with the repricing of the assets. So if we get a steady, downward trend in that regard, I would expect the margin to hold up better than it would under a 50 and 50 scenario.

Okay. Great. And then did you buy back any stock this quarter? And what's your appetite going forward?

We did -- we bought back, I think, 100-some thousand shares. I apologize. I actually don't have that number. We actually have not been in the market for a while because the price...

110,000.

110,000. Yes. We haven't been in the market for the last few weeks because the price has exceeded what we're wanting to pay right now.

Our next question comes from Andrew Terrell with Stephens.

Just a follow-up on the floating rate loans, the 74% of the total. Can you just remind us the split between prime versus SOFR or any other indices in there that those are tied to?

Of the 74%, probably 90% of those are prime based, with the remainder being SOFR or treasury based.

Maybe not as high as 90%, but close, we'd be in the 80% now, maybe. We haven't really calculated that yet.

Yes. Okay. But fair to think that the vast majority are prime?

Right.

I wanted to ask on the -- when I look at the end-of-period composition of deposits, the interest-bearing demand deposits came down pretty hard this quarter, I think, of about $330 million or so. And it looks like there might have been some mix change into time deposits. But I was hoping you could maybe just elaborate a little bit on some of the fluctuations we saw within the interest-bearing demand deposits.

Yes, we are switching some of the higher priced for the interest-bearing deposit demand or money market and then tried to time it up and replace with TCDs at the rate that we feel is more favorable. Now we have started to do that in early September before even the rate cuts now.

Andrew, a number of -- some of the money market deposits that we had were considered to be brokered deposits. And those were paying a higher cost than brokered CDs were. So we basically flipped from a brokered money market to brokered CD at the same time, not increasing our total brokered.

Got it. Okay. That makes sense. I appreciate it. Can you remind us just the -- for the fourth quarter, we've got kind of the launching point for where the spot rate was on deposits. Can you remind us the amount of time deposits that are coming up for renewal in the fourth quarter? And then appreciate that it probably fluctuates some depending on what the Fed does here in November and December, but where you're kind of trying to renew new CDs at today from a yield or cost standpoint?

Yes. So we have almost $1.2 billion of CDs maturing in the fourth quarter at an average rate of 5.07% and today, we are paying anywhere from 3.45% up to 4.5%.

4.5%.

In that range. So we would expect to see some pretty good savings because that's a big chunk. That's 36% of our CDs maturing in that quarter.

And nowadays, the CD pattern is that everybody is paying higher rates for 3 months TCDs and then sort of like moderate down all the way to 1 year level. And I guess everybody in our immediate peer group is watching and making very frequent moves from time to time. So we just have to react to that.

Yes, totally understood. I appreciate it. And then maybe just -- I'll take a stab at it. I know it's probably a complex number to arrive at. But just any sense on -- given some of the timing dynamics from the floating rate loans versus the CD repricing that will occur in the fourth quarter. Any sense on kind of where the margin shakes out in the short term, in the fourth quarter?

That's a really good question. And like you said, Andrew, it really depends on the timing. But given where we're at right now, I guess I would expect to see the high 3s, north of 3.85% for the fourth quarter.

Yes. Got it. Okay. So maybe some normalization, then as the deposits reprice stabilization from there?

Right.

Our next question comes from Gary Tenner with D.A. Davidson.

Thought I'd kind of shift over to the other side of the balance sheet. You've had improving loan growth each of the last 2 quarters and I think the press release noted some increased activity as the Fed cut rates in September. So can you talk about kind of pipelines and activity levels from a lending perspective as we're looking into the fourth quarter.

Okay. Well, I'm thinking you want to answer the first and see any.

Yes. [indiscernible] mentioned in the earnings release, the loan demand has been surging since the Fed dropped the rate, and we believe -- and the loan activity is there. I think the biggest issue for us, not just the demand it's the payout competition -- payout from competition or customer selling assets and what have you. So we are basically not just entertaining the new loan demand but at the same time, to defend our existing good loan relationships.

Anything to add, Johnny?

No, I think Well said it right. With our anticipated rate decreases are -- we need to defend our portfolio.

Gary, that marketplace, obviously, towards the real estate side has changed greatly because of the rate change. And all our rates, I mean, including the fixed rates, I mean, loans being offered is now -- is more lower basis than before. And certainly, that is expected to improve the transactions on the marketplace. To what extent, what time to cut in, really, the economy itself has to tell us a little a bit later now. We're still waiting for what the economy has to pay off.

Great. I appreciate that. And then with the commentary about tightening up, I guess, on the rate paid on deposits in the quarter, kind of flat deposits versus the loan growth and that loan deposit ratio moving up to 95% or so. Can you talk about how you're thinking about kind of managing that side of things from the ability to fund loan growth on a go-forward basis, but maintaining disciplined pricing on the deposit side.

Well, I guess that the deposit fear that we all have seems to be eased up quite a bit, okay? That building up deposits is something that become more of a normal event. So to support the loan growth, we obviously compete whenever we see the marketplace open. So Preferred Bank has always been competitive in getting deposits. So we think we will get the necessary number to fund the growth.

And I think on the expense side this quarter, it came a little bit higher just because of the OREO charge in the quarter than what you had I think guided to on the July call. Can you give us a sense of kind of where the fourth quarter operating expense line might shake out?

Yes, not much change, Gary. I would look at us to go between [ 20.5 to 21 ] for Q4. Might be slightly below that but I would doubt it.

Next question comes from David Feaster with Raymond James.

Maybe can we just touch on the credit side a little bit. I was hoping you could give a little bit of color on the increase in credit size, and I appreciate the commentary about some of those already being resolved. Just kind of curious what you're seeing there. And then just broadly, what you're seeing on the credit front within the CRE world and anything you're watching more closely?

Nick, add on to and correct me, okay. Let me first follow up what we have [indiscernible]. Actually, if it wasn't for that one relationship, we have a good reduction in the quarter with our so-called criticized loan and nonperforming loans. That one relationship is found out to have a little payment laziness or irregularity. So we proactively try to downgrade it, okay? And after downgraded that, 4 of the 7 loans has been brought current. And the other 3 of them, we were told, will be current depending on their successful -- the completion at their capital calls, okay? So some of the loans -- it is relation, [ Chris ], as several different loans, all have different partners, they have different investor size. So they will run through capital call on most of them. So the other three, we were told we should complete the capital call in this month, we hope that. So we have this customer for many areas even before the pandemic days and throughout that period of time and throughout the high interest rate time they have always been paying, okay? So they're running to finally a little bit slowness recently. And all these loans are guaranteed by several, very substantial people. So -- and we have a low LTV in the mid-60s and then a reasonably high -- under the current circumstance, reasonably high DCR. And DCR will be better than 1.1 after the next 2 rate cuts. And the property itself is pretty good. It's retail property, I mean, neighborhood shopping center basically and multi-families. All of them still commend a good cap rate nowadays. And in fact, retail shopping center cap rate has been improving. So these are the things we get. So we kind of feel this thing will be -- will get the result very soon. Nick, do you want to add to that?

Just for your information, David, for these two retail centers, actually, they both are around 95% occupancy. So the property itself is pretty good. And just like Mr. Yu mentioned that if we exclude this one-off situation, the rest of our criticized loans should be around $52 million, which is much less than the last quarter, I believe. So since pandemic, we have been really watching our credit very closely. And presently, I believe that the credit quality is still considered very stable and resilient at this time.

Okay. That's helpful. That's really good color. And then maybe going back to the growth front, I mean, again, it's great to see the growth. It's encouraging to see what you guys have been able to do and especially the acceleration. But I hear that there's still a lot of competition on the West Coast. I'm curious if you could touch on the competitive landscape. You guys have been really disciplined on your loan pricing. I'm curious where loan pricing is in your market. Are you starting to hear some prepays and payoffs just given the competitive landscape and kind of how that plays into your thoughts on growth next year. Would you expect to kind of reaccelerate? Or could that be a headwind and kind of keep us here around that low double digits, high single-digit type of pace?

The general feeling is that we feel was reducing rates, okay, the new loans opportunity will increase, likewise, is the pace of the payoff because that's easiest for the competition just to try to private loans from other institutions. And we hear that people are starting to price their loans about as much as 1% before on the fixed rate loans, okay? So we are facing this every day. We have faced this for my life with this bank for 32 years plus almost every year matters like that happen. It is up to us as a team adjust ourselves from time to time on the marketplace. On the production side, okay, Wellington and Johnny has added a number of new producers. In fact, you will notice that in the last few earnings phone calls we mentioned about new teams and new locations being added up. So actually, we have more of a body count, especially in the loan production side. So we're expecting that we'll be fully competitive in turning more stones in the marketplace, okay? So it's a matter of finding more loans to combat to the possibly increasing pace of loan payoffs.

That's good. That's a good point. And if I recall, one of the places that you've been focused on Silicon Valley. I'm curious if you could give us an update there? And then what other opportunities, what markets are you interested in? And where are you having success hiring?

Silicon Valley has just started. Usually that it takes about 6 months for any loan to be build up. There are a few loans already being booked in Silicon Valley, okay? We feel that the growth of Silicon Valley will be more sort of like steady growth in the first 2 years. And probably, if we're lucky now, it will take off after 2 years, okay? And there are many other places -- we mentioned that we enlarged our Manhattan operation to be a full branch. Okay. And we hope that we're operating now in Manhattan in the center of the town in one of the fine locations that we think. So we're expecting activity there to be equally as vibrant as last few years and hopefully even improving. We're constantly looking for new location but it's predicated on the people. If we can find the bankers that has a track record, we will build an operation around the person. And finding people, as you know, David, is probably one of the most challenging things that facing community bankers.

Yes. absolutely. Absolutely. And then if I could squeeze one more in, Ed. I was hoping -- I appreciate all the color on the margin. Kind of assuming in the forward curve, though, I mean, how do you think about the trajectory next year? I mean just given you've got pretty huge repricing opportunities like you talked about. Just kind of curious, like when do you think we trough? Is it kind of a mid-2025? And do you think NII growth -- that you guys are going to be able to drive NII growth in 2025, even with cuts?

Well, that's a crystal ball question, David, but I'll take a stab at it. As I said earlier, the pace of rate changes is really critical. If we get 25 basis points a quarter, 25 basis points every 2 months, whatever the case may be, that's kind of a good situation for us in that it allows us to move liability prices somewhat commensurate with asset yields. And so to the extent we can do that, the margin will remain more intact than it otherwise would have if we had accelerated rate cuts. That being said, what I've always thought is that I look back to the last quarter before the rate cuts -- the rate increases started and that was the fourth quarter of '21, and we posted a 3.28% margin. That was with 0 interest rates. If we land to a level where we're around 3% to 3.5% Fed funds, I don't see why we cannot maintain a margin north of 3.50%, perhaps 3.50% to 3.75% when it kind of all shakes out, if this sort of ends in mid-'25 or late '25.

Don't promise too much.

I'm not promising. I'm just telling.

You can't find the market. You can only compete with the market.

No, that's great. It's super helpful to help us think through it and manage expectations. So I appreciate the color.

[Operator Instructions] Okay. This concludes our question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Li Yu, Chairman and CEO, for any closing remarks.

Thank you to manage the constant change in interest rate environment, it is certainly one of the things that our job or my competitor's job also. But over here in the Preferred Bank that we have done a few things. If you remember, just at the beginning of 2023, our fixed rate loans at the low teen level, probably 11%, 12%. And since then, we have been working on selectively terming out loans to fixed rate. And hopefully, on the declining rate interest environment, that will give us better protection going into the future. In fact, we feel so, okay? So we'll stay on top and be alert on that. Thank you. Thank you so much.

This concludes -- our conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.