Vulcan Steel Limited (VSL) Earnings Call Transcript & Summary

February 13, 2023

Australian Securities Exchange AU Materials Metals and Mining earnings 62 min

Earnings Call Speaker Segments

Operator

operator
#1

Good day, and welcome to the Vulcan Steel Limited Half Year 2023 Results Call. [Operator Instructions] And finally, I would like to advise all participants that this call is being recorded. Thank you. I'd now like to welcome Rhys Jones, Managing Director to begin the conference. Rhys, over to you.

Rhys Jones

executive
#2

Thank you. Welcome, everybody, and I'd now like to present the first half year results for Vulcan. First of all, let's turn to the performance highlights page. You'll see the revenue of $638 million compared to $463 million equivalently in FY '22. I think the key element there is that we've obviously got higher product pricing, driven by international price and obviously, the exchange rate deterioration from New Zealand and Australia. Secondly, we've got aluminium. Aluminium is 5 months of that result. So the underlying run rate is actually higher than the $638 million. In addition, just to call out the EBITDA of $115 million, that compares to $118 million in the prior period. And our profit after tax of $54 million, and that compares to $70 million underlying NPAT in the prior period. We achieved sales with over 11,940 customers. Debt excludes aluminium and -- but it indicates that we've maintained those customer numbers, and we're actually gone fractionally by 1%. And an interim dividend of NZD 0.245 is to be paid. I'll go to the next page, what you'll see there is that the metals and steel divisions are now approximately equal in size. With the addition of aluminium, we've now got much increased diversity in both products, geography end market segments we can access. And of course, aluminium and metals that they obviously can cross-sell as they can with steel. So we're pleased to see a more balanced and more diverse portfolio emerging. If I go to the next page, it sort of illustrates what I'm talking about here in terms of diversification and geographic spread. There's now 72 sites across Australasia. For example, Darwin, Cairns, Tasmania, multiple sites, we're just an aluminium. That presents us with the opportunity of expanding our other products into those regions that gives us a beachhead. It also gives us access to a wider geographic spread. Key element here is about 1,440 employees, 12,000 active accounts, excluding aluminium as I indicated earlier. The 1,440 employees, that is on the basis that we're still in the process of -- we've completed the process of analyzing and understanding how to improve the aluminium business, and we will progressively implement that in the coming calendar year. If I go to the next slide, it's our traditional growth strategy update. You can see brownfields expansions, all about falling on new clients, winning new business and existing products. It's also about entering new geographies, which extended to 10 regional markets through greenfields and initiatives across Australasia, and we've identified other areas we can improve our footprint. We've also talked historically about expanding our product range, and we've done that in the last 7 years in stainless steel engineering and now we've done it in aluminium. The aluminium acquisition was completed in the first trading month of August '22. So it's very early, but we're very pleased with progress to date. And I'd also like to call out the fact that 11 of 17 growth initiatives previously identified are now in revenue generation phase. As you know, we'd appreciate, you start something -- initially it doesn't make you money for the first few months, then it progressively gain steam and you obviously make money down the track. So we're in that phase where we're starting to get some of those movements. And I'd also just like to highlight that Vulcan was proud to achieve the Deloitte Company of the Year award in New Zealand, which represent the outstanding contribution of our employees to the value creation of the company. With regard to aluminium and our business integration, we're very pleased with the progress to date. As we indicated when we purchased Ullrich Aluminium, we had a great relationship with the Ullrich family, and Gilbert was very, very helpful in terms of the process and making sure it's an orderly transition. We're working hard on transitioning to our business culture. We've got dedicated teams of leaders working with the Ullrich team, getting them to understand where the opportunities are, where the improvements are, also with the cross-selling opportunities where we can expand. Also, how and why and what our culture stands for the performance standards, the inventory management skills that are needed, a whole variety of improvements that have been identified in that area. So the progress to date is that we've got the IT system operating in New Zealand. It's -- we're seamlessly very smooth transition. And in Australia, we're planning on implementing it Easter and we'll be fully live across the whole company by Easter. The only caveat I have on the Easter go live is we are relying on some outside suppliers. So they've got to perform and deliver, but we absolutely believe we'll be well and truly up and running by June 30. I think the key element about this is that we remain confident that the synergy benefits we've identified $10 million of well in hand, and we'll continually improve this business over the coming few years. In terms of health and safety, big focus on that. We've got a couple of sites that aren't performing as well as we'd like. They have provided the outlier number that increased slightly on LTI, but the underlying improvement in the business is real, and we continue to focus on that. We're doubling down on that. And in turn, we're working very hard with the Ullrich team to make sure the aluminium safety standards up play as well. We believe it is -- we view it's well run in that regard. With regard to the environment, we're progressively moving to hybrid cars. We're working hard with our key suppliers. We've got a genuine commitment to a greener future for the world. And we're very confident that, that will pay dividends over the long term. If I look at the operating backdrop in the first half year, it's been a very strange period. As we indicated back in August, we saw New Zealand as being quite an uncertain environment with a likely reduction in demand. That was the case. As you saw, inflation was a lot higher than people understood at one point. And then you've seen a rapid escalation in interest rates, and that's created a real knock-on to business confidence and the like. So it's certainly been a challenging economic environment in both New Zealand and Australia but particularly New Zealand. Weather-related activity has been disrupted, particularly in New South Wales and Auckland recently. We believe those weather-related activities are just delayed demand or demand will actually occurred just be a later date and possibly to the new financial year. And also, we've seen a lot of destocking activity. Effectively, what was happening right across the supply chain, people are worried about supply and overstocking and carrying more stock. So some of our clients had stocks, so that now destock or in the process of destocking. And in turn, our supply chain partners, our mills, they started to catch up. So orders we were expecting to take 3 to 4 months arrived early. So effectively there's been a real catch-up in demand. And so the underlying demand is probably returning to the underlying real number, and there's a bit of a false element of demand in that COVID period with extremely low interest rates. Now the strong dollar and New Zealand dollar against the U.S. dollar since October '22. But in that period, the dollar has been weaker than the prior year, so the product prices reflected there. And inflation pressure on operating costs has been very high in both countries, labor costs, fuel costs, we were under large trucking fleet. There's numerous costs across the board that have gone up. In terms of global sector indicated, the Ukraine war and China being a bit harsh lockdown until recently, has certainly reduced the demand. And so the demand for global steel hasn't reduced, and lowered again. Aluminium, we expect to grow at 3% in the medium term. And that reflects the fact that aluminium is very much a key product for greening the world economy. So we expect that to continue. Short-term production declines in aluminium and steel reflect effect China and the Ukraine war has subdued short term demand. With regard to the underlying drivers of some of these product costs. Hot-rolled coil fell 20% in the first half of '23 compared to the second half of '22. Quite a significant drop on the larger drops we've seen for some time. It's recovered 7% since December. This is a reflection, no doubt of China coming out of lockdown. The outlook there on that price, hard to read, but clearly, if China comes out strongly and recent years, Europe is coming back a bit more strongly, you could easily see that product price improve further. There's a similar trend in aluminium, which came off a high, down by 14%, which recovered somewhat. It's still at a higher level as it steel than the historic averages principally because of the cost of energy, freight, et cetera. Nickel price is an interesting one is as aluminium. Aluminium is a key product used for 316 [ payment ]. Both those product prices are very, very high, and they haven't been fully recovered by the stainless steel mills. We anticipate those stainless steel mills in due course to recover those true costs. And we believe they haven't done that to date simply because of the absolutely shocking demand in China through the lockdown. So as China comes out the lockdown, it's highly likely that stainless pricing will recover those true costs. In terms of Australia and New Zealand economic trends, a lot of commentary in both countries. The key surveys in Australia indicate forward orders are still positive on a declining trend, but positive. So we're nervous about Australia, but we see it as the demand being maintained, whereas in New Zealand, it's a very hard to predict outlook. We've got the own activity outlook, very negative -- as negative as it's been since COVID and you're starting to see a lot of anecdotal feedback about a rapid slowdown occurring and particularly in building and construction. So we're quite nervous about the outlook of New Zealand. It may not be as bad as people think. But on the other hand, there could be a sharp correction. It's very difficult to predict. As I've indicated, building activity, very hard to predict in both countries at this point. We believe that we have a cautious outlook, and we're applying a lens of being very, very cautious and are judging results as they come board. I'd now like to hand over to Kar Yue to go through the group financial performance.

Kar Yeo

executive
#3

Thank you, Rhys. Good morning to everyone. So at a high level, when you take aluminium contribution out, which accounted for about 5 months in the first half of the financial year, underlying revenue was 9% higher. The composition was simply a 28% increase in terms of average revenue per tonne achieved year-on-year basis whilst volume declined by 15%. As Rhys mentioned earlier on, underlying active trading accounts, which is a proxy in terms of how we view our market share position to be, has improved slightly in the first half of financial year '23 compared with financial 2022. Overall gross profit per tonne, when you do back out the contribution from aluminium which, obviously, increased the favorability of our revenue mix, the overall number in terms of dollar per tonne margin was actually quite robust, which is a -- in the context of the current trading environment, quite a strong achievement in our view. As a result of that, the EBITDA margin was down slightly -- EBITDA was down slightly at $115 million compared with $118 million give you, again, back out the contribution from aluminium of $23 million. Our underlying business steel and other metals segment accounted for about $79 million compared with last year of $180 million. Return on capital employed as a result of higher working capital requirement declined to 24% compared with 36% in the corresponding period. So turning on to key drivers of EBITDA change. Three things I would like to call out from this chart. One is the volume factor that had reduced our overall EBITDA by $29 million, offset by better margin and current outcome of $14 million on a year-on-year basis. As I mentioned earlier on, the contributions from 5 months following our acquisition of our aluminium business contributed $23 million in the first half. Now turning to the segmental steel. The key comment here at this table is that gross profit dollar per tonne was steady compared with this time last year. As I mentioned, this is probably one of the more challenging segment of the market that was based both across Australia and New Zealand for the reasons that we set outlined earlier on. In the Metals segment, overall EBITDA, excluding aluminium was steady with better margin offsetting the impact of lower volume. Just wanted to highlight to you that post the integration -- completion of our integration for aluminium business into the metal segment, we will no longer be in a position to provide separate disclosure of aluminium and will be incorporated into our metal segment discussion going forward, largely due to the fact that the hybrid site will increasingly -- hybrid model that we have. We increasingly makes it more challenging and difficult to dissect the operating cost across various parts of business for a given location. As Rhys mentioned earlier on, our OpEx was up to $11 million on a year-on-year basis when excluding the impact of our acquisition of our aluminium business. The key, again, is underlying inflation. That has been quite broad based in terms of impact on our business across not just head count but also all the external services and product that we buy. That's obviously not relating to [ long term ]. Integration costs, just to provide some update for you. At the time we made the acquisition, we had indicated that the integration cost in total may end up approximately about $5 million in the first half of the current financial year. We had expense about $1.5 million. As we indicated around the changes in average price or cost per tonne of raw material that we source, that effectively increased the working capital requirement that we did have in financial year 2022. And that level of working capital requirements is the timing of payment for the stock and it was the timing of the arrival of stock have basically boosted the working capital requirement that we needed. We do expect that working capital fund to start to come off in the current financial year and going to finish in 2024 as well. Finally, turning to our balance sheet and dividend. As Rhys mentioned earlier on, we have declared $0.245 of dividend per share for first half of financial 2023. As you can see from those charts and tables, our balance sheet financially remains in a very strong position to continue to support our future growth opportunities. I'd like now to turn it back to Rhys for concluding comments on outlook and guidance.

Rhys Jones

executive
#4

Thanks, Kar Yue. So in terms of outlook, as I've indicated, we've got a very uncertain outlook in Australia and New Zealand. So we're anticipating no real material improvement and demand in the existing environment. Current monetary policy setting economic conditions are likely to remain fluid and uncertain in the near term. So we are holding a position that we believe that the current demand is likely to stay with us or possibly decline fractionally. In terms of our margin performance, we're encouraged by that. We've managed to improve our margins. And we've got an unusual situation where there's a lot of uncertainty about what China is going to do. So if China comes back strongly, they could have a positive effect on our pricing. We're not assuming that, and we just wait to see what happens here. And that's more likely to impact in the middle to later part of this calendar year. The ongoing inflation battle, wage and employment cost pressure, fuel cost pressure and general and inflationary pressures remain. We're very conscious of that and there's going to be a huge effort across the board to maintain and reduce our cost base. Clearly, with our restructuring plans at Ullrich, we've got a number of opportunities to exit there, which will [ live on ] coming months. Overall, in aluminium, we've been extremely encouraged by progress to date. We haven't lost any customers. We've maintained good relationships with all the employees, and we're starting to get ruled by into the bulk and culture and way of doing business. And there's numerous opportunities to improve that business and also to cross sell. So we believe there's a significant opportunity for improvement on an ongoing basis. So based on our current view of market conditions and recent trading, we've narrowed our F '23 EBITDA guidance range from the $215 million to $235 million to $215 million to $230 million. Combined with the depreciation and amortization and funding costs, we now expect NPAT to be between $95 million and $109 million. And we've previously guided towards $93 million and $107 million, so it's fractionally higher. But as is an uncertain market, and an economic outlook that is volatile, we are making sure that we keep it updated to any changes or updates as they occur. Thank you for listening to the presentation. Now we're welcome for any questions.

Operator

operator
#5

[Operator Instructions] Your first question comes from the line of Lee Power from UBS.

Lee Power

analyst
#6

Can you just maybe talk a bit about the difference in the selling price versus kind of the underlying commodity price of the products? Is this something that you're doing around processing? Is there more processing in this half or something around mix that's driving what seems like a bigger cap?

Rhys Jones

executive
#7

Okay. What I think I'm hearing from you, Lee, though, I rephrase your question. You're talking specifically maintaining our gross profit per tonne in a challenging environment. Is that what you're asking?

Lee Power

analyst
#8

Yes, correct.

Rhys Jones

executive
#9

Yes. Well, I think the key thing is, I'll make three quick observations. One observation is that some of our volume drop-off was actually in very low-margin products, which were relatively opportunistic. So probably about 6% or 7%, the 15% comes from that area. So we are, it was discretionary whether we took those orders or not. So park that to the side leg. Then the second point would be, we certainly have invested in more process equipment. And we've also been very mindful of ensuring that we sell at the right margin, and we're not chasing down unequipped orders. There has been a bit aggressive behavior, particularly in Australia from one competitor on a clear scope. So we haven't chased those prices down the expense of some volume, but it was uneconomic. So that partly accounts for it as well. And the third piece is really we've put a lot of emphasis and development on sales force effectiveness and pricing and margin management, improving our [ typo ] further. We've improved our overall service level and availability further. So I think those are all positive indicators. We're getting a lot of orders from clients, small ones and twos, all that up at EBITDA margins. So I think there's a combination of mix of product, mix of processing and being more selected when there's just no return on some large contract orders.

Lee Power

analyst
#10

Okay. And then the volume piece in the first half, is it possible to strip out what you think weather and kind of one-offs were -- I'm just trying to...

Rhys Jones

executive
#11

Okay. I think the prior period, we were in the privileged position of embedded stock availability than a number of competitors. So we've got some one-off orders from new customers. So you could probably account for a couple of percent there -- thereabouts. But then on top of that, you've got at least, I've calculated back then by about 6% to 7% of discretionary larger orders in our [Technical Difficulty] that we've exited effectively because they're not economic. And then the other element, I think, would be -- I just think people -- the weather and the like is probably around 4% lead. The clients have got work, but I haven't been able to process is a number of -- a lot of it's been delayed. And the last thing I realized is, we've got 2 less working days, so that's part of it as well. So there's quite a few factors there. Look, one thing I would add, which is a bit of an unusual one is that, we haven't seen this before. A number of clients took on more stock because they were panic and actually hoard quite a lot of material. So that slowed up demand as well for some key cost clients.

Operator

operator
#12

Your next question comes from the line of Matthew Abraham from Credit Suisse.

Matthew Abraham

analyst
#13

Just follow up on Lee's query related to ASP and gross margin. So just to unpack a couple of those points and maybe before even diving into that, should we expect going forward there to be a dislocation between the underlying price, the commodity price and the price that Vulcan now records?

Rhys Jones

executive
#14

What we seek to do is to make sure that our gross profit per ton has held at an appropriate level. And we try to improve it on an ongoing relentless basis. And that principally means we drive it up through the value chain, but that might mean you bundle a product, so it's more convenient for a client. That may mean that you process it, so you can charge a higher price for it because it's -- add a value, or it might mean that in a slower environment when people need really urgent reliable delivery service, they buy a few improvements for other people. But there's a number of factors here, but our focus is always on this and it is relentless on it. Now my gut feel on this is that our competitors, their expectation of margin has probably improved somewhat as well simply because the inflationary pressure in this industry has been quite high. So the old model of what you could achieve at wood cost plus pricing has to be adjusted in their minds because they can't make an adequate return without adjusting higher. So there's a few factors in there.

Matthew Abraham

analyst
#15

Okay. That's helpful. So just on the point on investing in more processing equipment, that process in percentage, I think you have disclosed before, to be around, 47% is the number that I think you've disclosed. So could you potentially just quantify what that has increased to the percentage total revenue or otherwise, just so we can get an understanding of the quantum of that benefit...

Rhys Jones

executive
#16

We've put out -- well, we've commissioned 3 brand-new processing machines in the last 6 months. So the total sales incremental out of those off the top of my head would be in the order of 2% to 3%.

Kar Yeo

executive
#17

Just to add to that, Matthew, Kar Yue here. So the -- sometimes we go through certain periods where distribution self as a significant portion of volume that doesn't do value add. You can see from 1 month to the next or 1 quarter to the next, there is a decline in terms of percentage of value-added services that we provide. And there are other times if it's commissioned on the basis of a value-added project, it could bump it up substantially above 50% in a given period. So it can move around. But on the whole, our goal is to continue to improve that percentage of value add of ourself.

Rhys Jones

executive
#18

But our new equipment does add a couple of percent, that's when sold out, so what it is on.

Kar Yeo

executive
#19

That's true.

Matthew Abraham

analyst
#20

Right. Okay. That's helpful. And just on cash flow, the inventory, which you've indicated has been distorted by the acquisition, which make some quite sense. Going forward, how should we think about inventory and what might be like a runback balance to consider [indiscernible].

Rhys Jones

executive
#21

Well, I'll make a quick comment and hand over to Kar Yue. But I'd make 2 quick comments on -- Ullrich Aluminium was effectively a deep fleet company with a lot of inventory. So we bought $140 million of inventory, and we've obviously got to reduce some of that, and some of that's on a deferred payment basis. So that's first point. So we've got way more inventory in aluminium than what you need. Second point is, the aluminium has got a massive product range, which we are narrowing down, so there's more inventory to come out of that. Thirdly, in our core product ranges, a lot of our steel mills, they were months to months later shipping and then suddenly everything closed up. So to give you a clastic example, our local mills went from 3 months delivery to delivering everything within a month again. So suddenly, they wanted to deliver every single order. So we certainly got a surge of orders that we didn't necessarily want all at once, all arrive at. So all of that compounded and that, those issues drove up our inventory quite significantly. Of course, what we're doing since as we're just working through that, and now I'll hand it Kar Yue to give you a sense of what the underlying inventory will end up being.

Kar Yeo

executive
#22

So Matthew, thanks Rhys. So at the time of the acquisition, I think we added close enough to around that $140 million mark in terms of inventory quiet. We're working through the process of two things: one, reducing the level of inventory that's held because there was an amount of overstocking of the key items that we want to keep, partly because the previous owner of business had a take-or-pay arrangement with some of the stock. And so in the second half, we expect to work down those and as the take-or-pay has some set in the month of December as well. So secondly, there is a range of products that were identified that we would like to rationalize and reduce as well. And so those are the other elements that we expect within the aluminium business to continue for overall stock requirement to continue to come off over the course of the next 6 and 12 months. The second component for the existing business is across steel and metals segment. We're very confident that based on the current price environment, current market conditions and our ability to flex the level that we want to order in terms of replacement stock volumes that we should expect to see the tonnes to come up in the coming 6, 12 months as well.

Matthew Abraham

analyst
#23

Okay. That's helpful. And just one more, if I may. So we've spoken about gross profit for a time. It looks as though the gross profit margin in percentage terms had come off against the [ pay ], primarily due to the steel segment. I am just unpacking that a little bit -- is that potentially the product of competitive forces or otherwise?

Rhys Jones

executive
#24

Okay. I'll give you a quick couple of comments on that. We highlighted this time last year, we had some benefits and tailwind of around 3% minimum on margin percentage due to the fact we were selling old product prices at new replacement costs. You probably remember that. So there's about 3% associated with that. And then there was a sudden -- which I referenced a suddenly a massive drop in steel price early on in this first half year, which particularly in Australia, lead to some people panicking and trying to ditch-stock, and then, of course, the product prices jumped back up again by 7%. So there's a couple of factors there. I don't think they're typical. So I think the margin we're currently achieving is probably a little bit on the low side to what we'd like long term. But the one this time last year was 3% to 4%, probably overstated due to the impacts of selling -- the pricing going up as we saw.

Operator

operator
#25

[Operator Instructions] Your next question comes from the line of Rohan Koreman-Smit from Forsyth Barr.

Rohan Koreman-Smit

analyst
#26

Congratulations on getting through what looks like a pretty interesting first half. Just a couple of questions. First one, just on the OpEx. Just trying to look at the divisional level here. When I look at steel EBITDA of $64.3 million and you gave us a gross profit margin of 32.2% for that division, it suggests that you've had a pretty big uplift in OpEx within that division. And then backing out ex Ullrich, what is implied in metals suggest there's a bit of a decline, can you just talk to the dynamics there?

Rhys Jones

executive
#27

Okay. I can talk to and then I'll let Kar Yue have the crack as well. I think that's correct. We've had significant increase in costs, particularly fuel, because we run a big trucking fleet. We've been slightly down on volume, so the truck goes out and it delivers to a client 4 items not 5. You don't get the freight recovery even that you're incurring the same cost. Then you probably appreciate that part of our company culture is, we always make sure our employees are absolutely -- appropriately looked after. So we paid a significant one-off payment prior to Christmas. And it was a deliberate strategy to make sure that people were made whole, and we ensure that they are not disadvantaged in this highly inflationary environment. And we also have policies where we make sure that people's pat rates an overtime availability is maintained even during a downtime. We've talked about this before as part of our core culture and it really pays dividends long term. The other aspect, I would say, though, is that, we had a number of vacancies in that when we started the year, we've basically filled some of those vacancies. And then there's been a bit of a marked drop-off in demand in some areas in the last few months. So we're clearly going to be looking at our cost base in steel generally, okay? So it's definitely a challenge. We're working on it. We've got a number of programs to reduce the costs, and they're already underway. You've got to appreciate, of course, we're busy integrating a major business in Ullrich Aluminium and they've got all sorts of restructuring opportunity as well. So we want to make sure that people are displaced that they've given the opportunity to role somewhere within the company if that occurs. So you can probably appreciate, Rohan, it's a bit of a moving feast. So it's been quite hard to manage to a really high standard. We think that will settle down in the new year and work out. And the other point I'd make is, look, we've been locked down. We've done a lot of travel. We've done a lot of integrating with our employees, a number of conferences. We've really got people motivated and see the vision of where the company is going, because we've had 2 years of Teams-only contact. So there has been a bit of that and a little bit of contact with clients that are more than usual. So there has been some one-off costs associated with that. But look, my general theme would be the inflationary pressures across the board have been quite high. So we're going to work hard to offset them. Does that cover from your viewpoint?

Rohan Koreman-Smit

analyst
#28

Yes. Yes, that's a very thorough answer, Rhys. The next question is just, I guess, if you look at what Ullrich has been running at in your comments around maintaining that in the second half. And if you take the prior guidance for Ullrich, that's set within the full guidance. It suggests you probably lower the view on the core or base business by $10 million to $15 million at the EBITDA line. Is -- can you talk us through, I guess, your thinking around that in terms of volume and price or gross margin?

Rhys Jones

executive
#29

I would like to comment on makers, though, we see the, particularly in New Zealand, Rohan, there is -- since -- [ there has been ] announcement has been -- we've just been hit by storm of very bad press and a lot of uncertainty. So we're naturally conservative. So we are being very cautious in our outlook, Rohan, do deliberately. And you're starting to see we don't want to come back to the market and do a downgrade. So we have been very careful and conscious of being conservative in our outlook. And equivalently, we've done that in aluminium. We think we bought a good business, we said that. But we're working hard to improve it. We've been pleasantly surprised by how well it's gone so far. And we haven't really unleashed all the full potential of the business. So there's some puts and takes there. So we think with an uncertain environment, there could be ups and downs. We think we've covered overall. Do you have any comment on that Kar Yue? Because you're...

Kar Yeo

executive
#30

Sure. Thanks, Rhys. So yes, so as Rhys mentioned earlier on, the market environment, the economy, even the interest rate environment and the inflation environment is quite uncertain. And with that, you would appreciate that we're taking a cautious approach. That's not to say conditions can't get any worse, they could. If you look back in that business confidence, especially the own activity survey outlook, which has been particularly negative suggest that there could be positional downside. At this point, this is our best guess, best estimate of what the outcome would be based on all of those things that we try and [indiscernible] forecast. This condition changes, we will obviously be obligated to come back and advise the market.

Rohan Koreman-Smit

analyst
#31

Perfect. And so two more quick ones. Just more around your strategy in the softer environment and as you said, active trading accounts are up. Can you just talk to, I guess, how you plan on tackling the cycle? Is it find pockets to grow in? Is it rationalized and sit tight and wait for better operating backdrop?

Rhys Jones

executive
#32

Look, what we typically do, we're quite aggressive. So we got a highly motivated workforce. We've got a highly incentivized sales force as we've indicated previously. So you're aware of that. So we will definitely chase new business. We're also -- the bundling opportunities we get, and the new opportunities in Australia where I'll give you an example, Cairns. We've got an aluminium business up there, but we don't sale much stainless or engineering stores. So clearly, we've got a base we can work from. So we're looking at -- we indicated in the presentation, a number of sites are on growth mode. I'll give you a specific example. Aubrey, we've doubled the size that site, and aluminium is going in there, and it will start in May, June. That is a case example where all that Central Victoria area, we're going to be able to offer a really good service and a new product range completely. So we've got a number of organic growth opportunities. So our default is always to grow organically and press ahead. So I don't think we'll be taking a breather, I put it that way.

Rohan Koreman-Smit

analyst
#33

Perfect. Last one. Just looking back to inventory. Can you give some indication of, I guess, how many -- how long the inventory position is? I think typically, you talked -- is it 4 months of inventory on hand. Do you feel comfortable? Can you just give us an idea of where it currently sits?

Rhys Jones

executive
#34

Okay, core business, depending on what division you run and where we're buying up on it from Asia, you'll have 4.5 months inventory, and then it's from local, say, New Zealand steel or from [indiscernible], it's only 2, 2.5 months. But our typical inventory goal is around 4 months. And then it's stainless, it's longer because it's a longer lead time. So there's typically 4.5 months. Engineering steel is more like 5 months, and aluminium were well and truly overstocked because just 2 points here. The old party, one, carried a lot of stock; and two, they also bought it all by cash. They didn't have turns on it. So there's a couple of positive benefits here that we'll get we sort all that out. But our gut feel, we're not -- through our planned program as would have made major reductions and be a much better balanced stock position in the midyear period. Do you want to comment, Kar Yue?

Kar Yeo

executive
#35

Sure. Thanks, Rhys. So in the context of average across the whole entity, excluding aluminium, you should expect us to be at around that 4 month, right now. We are higher than that obviously, higher than what we normally would carry. But given the price expectations and the current price dynamic in the market, I think to be fair, we feel that we're in a good position.

Rhys Jones

executive
#36

Yes. We're not unhappy with that.

Operator

operator
#37

Your next question comes from the line of Grant Swanepoel from Jarden.

Grant Swanepoel

analyst
#38

My question is really around on Ullrich. So at the start of the year with your guidance range, you had always doing $26 million at the midpoint and then $5 million of integration costs, having done $23 million plus 1.5% of integration in the first half, you have been saying that run rate is going to continue. Can you give some sort of color on what Ullrich is going to do in your guidance range for this year? An update on that, please?

Rhys Jones

executive
#39

Yes. Okay. So what we're -- Grant, I'll make a quick couple of comments. But, look, we're in a situation where we've only owned the business for 5 months, we started well. We've identified a whole lot of opportunities. We say we do across some consultants to help us. So we're in the process now of really starting those implementation plans in the next 4 to 6 weeks. So there will be some significant costs associated with that. The leading lines that are unprofitable, you do the lower margin, rationalizing some product ranges and spending a lot of money getting the equipment and sites sorted out. There's all sorts of ongoing improvement opportunities. So I would hesitate to give a forecast for the second 6 months. But what I would say, the underlying trend will be an improvement trend. Your comment, Kar Yue?

Kar Yeo

executive
#40

Yes, sure. So there's also seasonality involved here. Firstly, second half of our financial year has on average in any given year, 5 less trading dates. And also in the context of the disruption, I'm sure you appreciate, based in New Zealand and especially in Auckland with the flourishing that we've had in much of January and then, I guess, in the recent past 48 hours, we will continue to disrupt our business such as aluminium, but also for steel stainless and engineering steel as well. So really, when you look at it just in the context of aluminium but the wider business, I think New Zealand in the second half, we do need to factor in some of these elements involved. What I might do is actually turn it over to Adrian to comment specifically on aluminium because he can [ in detail ] drive a lot of the industry.

Adrian Casey

executive
#41

Yes. So if we have a look at the aluminium business as a whole, so Australia and New Zealand without breaking them apart. As recent -- Kar Yue have mentioned,, some of the restructuring programs, they are 1 to 2 months old, we're doing a very detailed program of improvement plans. And we are in no real rush. We want to do it appropriately and just make sure that the restructuring goes well and sets up for the future. So it's a combination of the branches, the people and the culture and it's all [ measuring to one ]. So really a business model at Vulcan, integrating that with Ullrich will be the key driver going forward. And that's basically the service model that we discussed, the customer mix, the product mix and understanding what we shouldn't sell. So that's a very detailed program, but it is a lot of work. It's been by 5 to 6 months now. We're probably about a month or 2 away from implementing.

Grant Swanepoel

analyst
#42

So the trading earnings on that business when we bought it was, I think, was close to almost $40 million, $39 million of EBITDA. You guy were saying that was COVID impacted. It looks like the run rate has continued at that. So, are you now saying that actually this business is better and actually the COVID impact wasn't real and a little more normalized much stronger business than the $25-odd million business you guys were talking us to aren't before synergies.

Kar Yeo

executive
#43

So Grant, just to clarify a couple of points you made there. The $38 million, $39 million EBITDA that you called out is pre-IFRS, so the post-IFRS number is more like, I think, $49 million, $50 million, from memory. So the $23 million that we outlined with 5 months of contribution is on post-IFRS basis.

Grant Swanepoel

analyst
#44

So the $50 million drops to $25 million in the old guidance and you're sticking with that? Or -- sorry, I know we're going in circles here, but it looks though the first half shuttle life side on Ullrich. And it looks like your guidance downgrade on the core business is actually quite material. And I'm just looking at my head around your numbers because it seems where we're going in circles on this.

Kar Yeo

executive
#45

So yes, the business for aluminium has performed better than effective, but there are, certainly, in the second half, as I said, we do see some challenges coming through. Yes, our goal is to try and maintain the momentum in the business, not necessarily financial dollar terms. But certainly, in terms of initiatives that recent EBITDA outlined earlier on. But if you're asking us to provide you with a number in terms of what EBITDA contribution might look like in the second half, it's probably not appropriate point, because we're still working on...

Grant Swanepoel

analyst
#46

I wonder -- what I'm pushing for is, there was a COVID hole that was going to be look back out of the business, that hasn't entirely occurred. Is that still going to occur the full synergies and all the other stuffs you're doing?

Kar Yeo

executive
#47

I think it will occur. If you look at the volume numbers that we talked about, Grant, the decline in aluminium on a like-for-like basis, although we only owned it for 5 months, we specifically called out the decline in volume of about 17% year-on-year. Our expectation is that, that year-on-year volume will continue to come through in that trajectory. If you then look at the -- and acknowledging that this industry in general is still very much a cost-plus model with the impact of decline in aluminium prices until recently. Therefore, your selling price would expect -- would be expected to come down. And because this is largely has been a cost-plus model approach. We are obviously working really hard to convert the mindset of our own business and customer that were actually in value and user value service model. And hence, that process actually takes time. In the interim, what you have is a percentage margin on potentially lower pricing per tonne. That then gives you at least in the short term and lower gross profit dollar were the rising cost environment in terms of OpEx, you would expect to see some compression at the EBITDA level. Does that help you?

Grant Swanepoel

analyst
#48

That's very helpful, very helpful. And then my final question, just in terms of working capital. Of that almost $140 million increase in inventory, what exactly was Ullrich? I know you're slowly been Ullrich, and how much of that $140 million is Ullrich? And then secondly, what should we be expecting for release in working capital over the next 18 months? You're looking about $150 million. Is that still realistic?

Kar Yeo

executive
#49

Yes. Sure, I can pick up that subject. So this is a note 15 of our interim report, where we outlined the acquisition dollar value of various category of assets that we took over from the previous owner. And the inventory there was $126 million. There is another $9 million worth of prepayment. Some of these prepayments actually a stock rather than prepayment for operating expenses. So that's to try and reconcile to my comments around $140 million order of magnitude for the stock that we acquired. So effectively, as I mentioned to you, they were locked in into some arrangements to acquire certain hyper stock, which, obviously, being the new owner, we continue to honor, and hence, in the second half, we expect that order of magnitude of $140 million of stock to be -- to start unwinding in the second half of the current future year and into financial reporting.

Rhys Jones

executive
#50

And total unwind, [ ultimately ].

Kar Yeo

executive
#51

And total unwind for the whole business. So if you think about the increases, vast majority of the step-up in stock to be -- that really relate to the aluminium. Look, there is some underlying increase in our other non-aluminum stock holding. As I mentioned earlier on, because of the lead time, because of the cost increases per tonne basis, we're pretty comfortable with where we are.

Operator

operator
#52

Your next question comes from the line of Marcus Curley from UBS.

Marcus Curley

analyst
#53

Just two quick ones for me. Just back on Ullrich, Kar Yue, I just wondered if you could sort of talk to the potential magnitude of the outperformance in the first half relative to your expectations. Might be an easier way to sort of talk to how this business is traveling. And if you're going to call out the key sources of that obviously, relative to the $23 million that came through the results.

Kar Yeo

executive
#54

Yes. I think, Marcus, it's a combination of tonnages. We were anticipating as generally to be the case. When you buy a business, were the opportunities -- a reasonable amount of opportunity, but not entirely open book exercise to come through the customer base. You make certain assumption around potential customer loss, right? As Rhys mentioned earlier on, we were quite pleased that the team pulled together and were able to largely keep the customer base relatively steady. So it's one factor that contribute to better volume outcome despite it going down by 17% year-on-year. We were expecting mainly even more than that. Secondly, the margin outcome has been better than what we thought at the aluminium level. I'm talking about margin dollar per tonne, again, not necessarily in terms of percentages. And the third point is we had made certain assumptions around OpEx. And also in terms of integration costs being front-end loaded, that has not come through the way we profiled it in our own mind when we set up that budget or when we set up what we thought how that earnings would unfold in the first 5 months.

Rhys Jones

executive
#55

And can I just make one quick comment, Marcus, which may give some illustration of what was going on. With this as an uncontested acquisition where we worked very confidently with the family to buy the business, so we -- in terms of detailed due diligence culture practices approaches, it was very limited. And what we've been pleasantly surprised by is the buy-in of the employees to the new environment and in response to that. So and again, you probably appreciate when you buy a new business, to get people on board and working with you, generates significant improvements, and we're seeing some of that as well. So you would typically be very conservative in the first period because a lot of people are heading in the wrong direction or need to be corralled, and you're trying to change things that becomes problematic, distracting expensive and errors get made. We haven't had much of that at all. It's been a really good energy from all the Ullrich employees and been well handed over by the Ullrich family. So I think there was a subjective element that we underestimated that's been positive for us.

Marcus Curley

analyst
#56

And are you willing to call out what, if you added all that up, what the ballpark sort of outperformance was in the half?

Kar Yeo

executive
#57

So if you, maybe as a reference point, Marcus, if you think about what we have explicitly talked about at our full year result when we guided earnings range, we say that, on the post-IFRS basis, debt earnings, we expected in the -- for the full year, but in 11 months, was going to be in the range of -- from my memory, in the range of about 25 to 27, specific point being 26. Obviously, we wanted to provide you and the rest of the market with some transparency as to what the progress that we've made. The dynamics are slightly different. They contribute to this $23 million EBITDA that we achieved in the first half, after 5 months of our [ attrition ]. So maybe that provides you with a sense of where we're tracking to the other question from the other person earlier on around what sort of run rate could we expect going forward, I think it's premature to talk about it because we are still in very, very early phase of our ownership and wanting to understand the business and the industry.

Marcus Curley

analyst
#58

Okay. And then just completely separately, Rhys, you talked about some of the higher operating costs related to transport. Do you have any mechanisms to pass these things on to customers? So has that been part of, I suppose, why the pricing achievements being stronger? Is the ability to sort of, let's say, at least it's a higher costs on to customers? Or is that ...

Rhys Jones

executive
#59

Yes. Well, I'll do that as an example, it's pretty a good one, though, Marcus, because repass on freight costs. But if your truck is only 3/4, or not 100% full, you basically, the last quarter is free, right, and straight revenue benefit, and that goes against a bit of cost recovery, right? So we haven't reduced our trucking service deliveries. In fact, we've probably done the opposite. We're in an environment where we organically grow, we add trucks to areas that we're trying to develop. So I use that as one example of where, as volume comes off, you do get a hat on costs because you can't recover as much. And then the other one will be straight out rent increases. So we've got a large network of buildings and there's annualized rent increases, which you can't escape. Then another one is insurance. The insurance companies that all going crazy trying to charge everybody a lot more. So there's a lot of sort of heading costs that have really read big hits with inflation. And the ones we have most control over productivity, we track productivity well. There has been a different demand recently. So the productivity is slightly below what it was. So we're going to get it back to where it needs to be. But you probably appreciate, Marcus, we're just acquiring the business with spare positions likely to be available. We want to make sure we place people appropriately and go into any rash decisions. So our approach is always to think long-term culture, doing it carefully considered that we will achieve the right cost base. And obviously we're a bigger business, and we're going to improve our productivity going forward.

Marcus Curley

analyst
#60

And then just finally, Rhys, one of your peers yesterday called out their early expectations for next financial year for activity levels in New Zealand to be down somewhere between 10% and 15%. Do you think sort of seeing some of that now in your business? Or is that something that's a risk to the industry still to come?

Rhys Jones

executive
#61

Okay. So Marcus, I see it in quite different segment. So a water infrastructure here can help us 3 waters, that is obviously going to go full steam, which use a lot of product. Then you have export or entire industries that are still getting good volumes out the door which drive product demand. Then on the other side, you see people building garage extensions and houses and the like that are all going to suffer with a higher interest rate, so that's going to be reduced. So I think it's quite uncertain. So we've got quite a different profile than our competitor. And I think we've got a more diverse and appropriate profile to whether the storm because we are far more exposed to export orientated and rural industries than them. So we're not overly concentrated in high rise or residential construction in Auckland and Wellington. So look, my gut feel, though is, well, I think we've sort of stabilized at the moment, and we've seen a few projects canceled or/postponed. Then we've seen a few come back, so I think what's going to happen is you could have a hiatus period with some projects postponed, then they come back post-election or after election. If I'm worrying at all, this is midyear period we're in winter, and we've got an election coming and there's a lot of uncertainty and people are likely to postpone investment decisions, which would affect demand. But I can't see that last thing for too long a period of time, Marcus. So I'm probably more optimistic than they are for my commentary there.

Operator

operator
#62

You have a further question from the line of Matthew Abraham from Credit Suisse.

Matthew Abraham

analyst
#63

Sorry, just 1 more, if I may. Just back on pricing. So if we look at large benchmark pricing, it would be suggested rather than expectation for a decline in East Asia HRC prices in the next sequential half. Given there is this increased processing capability, and you also mentioned a bit of a mix factor playing out, what should we expect in terms of the average selling price in that steel segment in the next half relative to be?

Rhys Jones

executive
#64

You [ forced ] that, right, hot-roll of course is just like a benchmark everybody uses actually, the individual steel prices vary significantly have different drivers. But the key point I would point out is, China is coming back. So China has already driven the price up, we believe, by 7% by more demand. So what you're probably going to get is price increasing in the near term. But when that happens and how much, we just don't know. So we haven't put it into our forecast. So if I -- I'm moving one hand on the other. One hand, we are saying, well, there could be a slight decline. On the other hand, we say there could be an increase. So we're probably going middle of the road, and probably saying it's probably likely to stay where it is. Do you agree with that, Adrian?

Adrian Casey

executive
#65

Yes. Look, I want, as Rhys said, hot-roll just an index. It's not that accurate for the suite of products we sell. But if you have a look at that approximately around about October, November U.S. was the bottom to about [ 6.30 ] now. So it's actually trending up. And obviously, since China opened up, not just hot rolled products have as well, but it's bearing in mind the lead times for 3 or 4 or 5 months. We're talking midyear being a better idea of what's happening there.

Rhys Jones

executive
#66

But Matthew, overall, I think the way to think about this as what's your view of the China start-up, if China start up strong in steel price and commodities will go up if not, it will be weaker. But our underlying strategy is, we always go for more process and we'll always go for more organic growth. We always go for higher value sales. So we're trying to maintain our gross profit per tonne for net environment.

Operator

operator
#67

There are no further questions at this time. I would like to turn the call back over to Rhys for closing remarks.

Rhys Jones

executive
#68

Thanks, everybody. I know it's been quite an unusual period in the last 6 months. And I think with the weather and economic conditions as weather both financially, economically and physically. Look, we are confident about the future. We think -- quite frankly, we think we've had a very solid first 6 months. We've made a major acquisition, which has settled down really well. We've got our teams lined up. We know what our issues are to improve. We know but offset cost inflation. We know we're going to manage margins hard, and we know we've got to keep growing our business. So we're pretty confident about the future, and we're going to take a forward and positive view forward. So thanks, everybody, for attending and listening in. Thank you very much.

Operator

operator
#69

This concludes today's conference call. You may now disconnect.

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