Starwood Property Trust, Inc. (STWD) Earnings Call Transcript & Summary

Greetings. Welcome to the Starwood Property Trust Second Quarter 2026 Earnings Call. [Operator Instructions] Please note, this conference is being recorded. Ladies and gentlemen, we apologize for the technical difficulties. Welcome to the Starwood Property Trust Second Quarter 2026 Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions] As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. I would now like to turn the floor over to Starwood Property Trust to begin the event.

Thank you, operator. Good morning, and welcome to Starwood Property Trust Earnings Call. This morning, we filed our 10-Q and issued a press release with a presentation of our results, which are both available on our website and have been filed with the SEC. Before the call begins, I would like to remind everyone that certain statements made in the course of this call are forward-looking statements which do not guarantee future events or performance. Please refer to our 10-Q and press release for cautionary factors related to these statements. Additionally, certain non-GAAP financial measures will be discussed on this call. For a reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most comparable measures prepared in accordance with GAAP, please refer to our press release filed this morning. Joining me on the call today are Barry Sternlicht, the company's Chairman and Chief Executive Officer; Jeff DiModica, the company's President; and Rina Paniry, the company's Chief Financial Officer. With that, I'm now going to turn the call over to Rina.

Thank you, Zach, and good morning, everyone. Our distributable earnings were $152 million or $0.40 per share in the second quarter. Our results continue to reflect the carry on our nonaccrual and REO assets and elevated cash balances the 2 items which are creating the gap between our reported earnings and the true underlying earnings power of this company. I will start my remarks by addressing both. Regarding our nonaccrual and OREO we had no new nonaccrual or new 5 rated loans in the quarter or the year. We also had no new REO in the quarter. As our new nonaccrual and REO loans have slowed, we have gained momentum in resolutions. To clarify, our definition of resolution means disposition of the asset in the case of an REO or returning to accrual in the case of a nonaccrual loan. It is not the transfer of a loan to REO. We have a total of $706 million of reserves against our nonaccrual and REO assets after recording an increase of $30 million in the quarter due to third-party model macroeconomic conditions, which worsens as a result of the rise in interest rates. This consists of $485 million of CECL and $221 million of REO reserves which translates to $1.97 per share that is already reflected in today's undepreciated book value of $18.62. As we continue our efforts to resolve these underperforming assets, we are currently under contract or in discussions to sell 3 REO assets and multiple units in our New York City residential project. In aggregate, these sales are expected to generate cash proceeds of $148 million and resolved $195 million of assets on a DE basis and $160 million on a GAAP basis in the third quarter comprising 10% of our current nonaccrual and REO balance. One of the 3 assets was retraded recently due to rate increases, resulting in a $12 million divergence from our GAAP marks. Absent that, our GAAP reserves were in line with the anticipated sales price, demonstrating our ability to fully resolve these assets consistent with our estimates. The realized loss will flow through DE upon sale in Q3 and totals approximately $47 million for these assets. As a reminder, when access are resolved at our carrying value, their reserves naturally progress to DE, but the reserve is already accounted for in our book value. Reinvesting these proceeds would add approximately $0.03 to annual DE as we continue on our path to earning our dividend in our core businesses. Our total nonaccrual and OREO portfolio stands at approximately $1.9 billion on a DE basis at quarter end, not including the $706 million of reserves that are already reflected in book value. Subject to market conditions, we are on track to resolve approximately $800 million or 40% of our current nonaccrual and REO by year-end. Regarding elevated cash balances. We were especially active in the capital markets this quarter, issuing $1.1 billion of unsecured senior notes and upsizing our term loan B by $275 million. Offsetting this elevated cash was our accelerated investing pace as we deploy capital of $2.5 billion across our businesses and another $1.7 billion in July, bringing year-to-date investments to $6.7 billion. I will now take you through our individual segment results, beginning with Commercial and Residential Lending, which contributed DE of $186 million for the quarter or $0.49 per share. In commercial lending, we originated $1.4 billion, of which we funded $754 million and another $250 million of pre-existing loan commitments for a total of over $1 billion funded in the quarter. After factoring in repayments of $447 million, our funded loan portfolio grew to a record $17.3 billion. We received another $554 million of repayments in July, approximately $170 million of which were office. I previously mentioned the absence of any new REO nonaccrual or 5-rated loans this quarter. Our 4-rated loans increased $212 million to $2 billion, reflecting the downgrade of 3 multifamily loans that Jeff will speak to. Turning to residential lending. Our on-balance sheet loan portfolio ended the quarter at $2.4 billion, up $164 million, driven primarily by our decision to exercise the call option on one of our securitizations moving the majority of the financing to more attractively priced repo at SOFR plus 150. As a result, our retained RMBS portfolio declined to $313 million at quarter end. Turning to our Property segment. We recognized $34 million of DE or $0.09 per share across our legacy and net lease portfolios. I will start with Woodstar, our Florida affordable multifamily portfolio. On July 1, we began rolling out the new authorized had rent increases of 8.4% that we mentioned to you on our last call. The related earnings impact will appear in our results starting next quarter. The discount to market rate rents across the portfolio is 38% on average, which should ensure continued high occupancy and allow us to push through most of these rent increases. Also in Woodstar, we have $416 million of Woodstar debt maturing over the next 6 months that we are currently working to refinance. Given the appreciation and NOI growth in this portfolio, we are anticipating an upsize of approximately $140 million at attractive spreads our $110 million share of which can be reinvested to increase future earnings. In net lease, where DE increased to $0.05 from $0.03 last quarter. We closed $179 million of purchases in the quarter at a blended cap rate of 7.39%, bringing our total post-acquisition purchases to $532 million at a blended 7.45% cap rate. The portfolio now stands at $2.7 billion, comprising 527 properties across 44 states, a weighted average lease term of 16.8 years, average annual rent escalations of 2.3% and 100% occupancy with 0 defaults. Included in our balance at June 30, our $91 million of build-to-suit projects still under construction, with $65 million of incremental cost to complete. All of these projects are subject to executed leases. Upon completion of construction, these leases will add $9.9 million of annual base rent to revenue. We continue to optimize this platform's capital structure, completing another ABS transaction after quarter end, our third securitization since acquiring the platform a year ago. The ABS financing totaled $321 million at a weighted average fixed rate of 5.47%. With our continued optimization of the capital structure, our first year of rent escalations in place and our investing pace, we continue to build toward the earnings power embedded in this platform. Concluding my business segment discussion is our Investing and Servicing segment, which contributed DE of $42 million or $0.11 per share to the quarter. Special Servicing fees were $20 million this quarter with the decline from last quarter due to timing of resolution. Our conduit, Starwood Mortgage Capital, securitized $320 million of loans, more than double last quarter's volume at profit margins that were in line with historic levels. I will conclude with a comment on this segment's REO equity portfolio, which now has just 5 assets remaining. We sold one asset during the quarter for a DE gain of $2 million. Turning to liquidity and capitalization. Our current liquidity stands at $1.2 billion. This does not include liquidity that could be generated from cash out refinancing sales of assets in our Property segment, direct leveraging or expected proceeds from REO sales, which as I've mentioned, could be relatively material. Jeff will discuss the capital markets transactions we completed in the quarter. There is one item I would like to highlight regarding the early redemption of our $500 million January 2027 unsecured debt, which was subject to an interest rate hedge. In order to minimize interest rate risk, our policy is to hedge floating rate assets with floating rate liabilities and fixed rate assets with fixed rate liabilities. When we issued these notes in 2022 to a fixed coupon, we entered into a received fixed pay floating interest rate hedge to lock in SOFR plus 295 as the financing cost. In connection with the early redemption, we unwound the hedge. Due to higher interest rates today, this resulted in a loss on early extinguishment of debt of $6.3 million, which will be reflected in both GAAP and DE in the third quarter. The amount represents the present value of receiving the below market fixed rate through maturity. It is the onetime cost of retiring and above current market SOFR plus 295 obligation and replacing it with 5 and 7 days paper, which is issued today would be 6.5% to 6.75%, saving us over $15 million over the next 5 years. We continue to operate at conservative leverage levels, ending the quarter at a debt to undepreciated equity ratio of 2.74x. Our unencumbered asset pool stands at $6.9 billion against $4.5 billion of unsecured debt, a coverage ratio of 1.5x. And finally, this morning, I wanted to conclude with a few remarks on the recognition we received this quarter by the rating agencies and NAREIT. During the quarter, both Fitch and Moody's affirmed our ratings at BB+ and BA2, respectively, collectively recognizing our diversity, leverage profile, liquidity position stable earnings and credit track record as key elements supporting our rating. We were also once again awarded the NAREIT Gold Investor Care Award. An award given to one company in each industry, which recognized as communications and reporting excellence. This is our tenth time receiving the award in the mortgage REIT category in the last 12 years. exemplifying our long-term commitment to both our stakeholders and transparent financial reporting. We are honored to once again be recognized by NAREIT for this award. With that, I will now turn the call over to Jeff.

Thanks, Rina, and good morning, everyone. Despite a volatile macro backdrop, we've accretively deployed a near record $6.7 billion year-to-date. The breadth of opportunity across our global platform continues to grow. Higher rates have been partially offset by tighter credit spreads and activity has remained robust. . CMBS issuance is tracking near multiyear highs and CRE transaction volumes continue to recover gradually but steadily. The breadth of opportunity across our global investment platform remains as active as it has been since 2021. We have strong pipelines across our businesses and across continents, and we are on pace for a record year of investment activity across our cylinders supporting the continued growth of our portfolio. In volatile markets, investors have the opportunity to step back and examine the effectiveness of different business models. Our company has consistently outperformed in times of stress over our 17 years. We have said repeatedly that we built and diversified this company to operate through cycles and across macro environments. In the last 5 months have tested that thesis. Our unique diversified business model with only half our revenue coming from CRE lending has again absorbed this volatility. We see improving conditions in commercial real estate with higher absorption less supply and more transaction activity. Our lack of credit migration and outlook again showcase the durability of the platform we have constructed. In our Commercial Lending segment, our best-in-class financing and access to liquidity, which I will discuss more later, have allowed us to deploy near record amounts of capital this year. The third quarter looks to be our strongest origination quarter, reflecting the strength of our global origination platform and further diversifying our business. Despite the leveling off of credit deteriorated loans, as Rina mentioned, we did have 3 multifamily loans moved to a 4 risk rating during the quarter, a $73 million multifamily asset in Phoenix, Arizona a $63 million multifamily asset in Clearwater, Florida, and a $74 million multifamily asset in Mesa, Arizona. These downgrades reflect the effect of higher forward rates I mentioned and broader softness in certain Sunbelt multifamily markets where elevated supply that is mostly behind us has put pressure on near-term cash flow. We have over $6 billion in multifamily loans, representing 20% of our balance sheet and more than twice as large as any other exposure. Despite this being our largest asset class, it is a relatively low percentage of our reserves. We have increased occupancy and improved performance on assets we have taken back, in some cases, materially positioning us to begin exiting them as we have before in a more thoughtful way that returns the highest return to shareholders. As Rina said, we expect over $800 million of resolutions in the second half of 2026, with the majority coming from REO sales on multifamily assets under PSA or actively being marketed. The redeployment of which will generate DE for shareholders. In addition to the REO sales Rina mentioned, I want to point out a few additional positive credit outcomes in the quarter. We had previously told you about a $300 million office building in Brooklyn. During the quarter, the borrower signed the third and final lease for 32 years to a credit tenant, bringing the building to 100% occupancy with 30 years of WALT, allowing the remaining portion of the loan to return to accrual status and putting the borrower in a position to refinance or sell the property. Subsequent to quarter end, 2 office loans repaid at par for $171 million in total, reducing our office exposure in the U.S. to just 7.6% of our assets and globally to 8.9% of our assets. both the lowest in our company's history and an important indicator of lower potential losses. Turning to our Infrastructure Lending segment. In the quarter, we committed $441 million of returns consistent with historic levels. After similar sized repayments, the portfolio ended the quarter at $3.1 billion. With the pricing of our [ seventh fifth ] CLO this year, our infrastructure loans benefit from term non-mark-to-market financing on 75% of our assets, reducing funding volatility and improving our overall cost of capital in this segment. The SIF loan portfolio benefits from outstanding credit quality. 92% of the portfolio was rated 1 or 2 by our internal review process. It has been 10 quarters since we downgraded a credit to watch list status and our portfolio today only has one watch list credit with a $16 million in market value. 97% of our loans benefit from public or private Moody's credit ratings and 2/3 of those loans are rated Ba3 or higher. The risk-adjusted returns on this portfolio add tremendous value to shareholders. Additionally, we acquired an asset in our infrastructure lending business via a debt for equity swap on a defaulted loan in 2019. As part owner of the asset today, we are under contract to sell it in the second half for a material gain to DE and book value. We will tell you more about it in the coming quarter or 2 once consummated. In our Property segment, our 1,200 K Street Office to multifamily conversion received residential conversion permits in June and we have completed demolition and started construction in a market where we have seen Class A rents rise significantly since beginning this conversion process, which we expect to complete in 2028. In our Investing and Servicing segment, our active special servicing portfolio, a key indicator for us on the future segment profitability increased by $1 billion in the quarter to $10.9 billion, with new SASB transfers totaling $1.3 billion coming in. Our name servicing portfolio stands at $93.6 billion and is the pipeline that will increase our active special servicing portfolio over time. I also want to recognize Adam Behlman. The Head of Reis and our SNC conduit lending businesses. Adam was recognized by [indiscernible] the recipient of the prestigious Founders Award, and we want to congratulate him on this well-deserved recognition for his leadership of our Reis business. Congratulations, Adam. I want to finish with our capital markets activity because I believe it's 1 of the most important stories of this quarter and the last 18 months and 1 that I think is underappreciated by the market. In the second quarter alone, we executed $2.1 billion of corporate debt transactions, including $1.1 billion in senior unsecured notes that were the tightest priced financial sector, unsecured notes of 2026 for a high-yield bond issuer, $600 million that was swapped to SOFR plus $222 million and $500 million at 5 [indiscernible] fixed. We also executed a $275 million term loan B upsize and repricing of our $696 million existing term loan to SOFR plus 200, which was 25 basis points inside our prior pricing. Subsequent to quarter end, we repaid $400 million of maturing July 2026 high-yield notes and early prepaid $500 million of our January 2027 high-yield notes, as Rina mentioned. We don't have any more corporate debt maturities until July 2027. Importantly, these transactions extended our weighted average corporate debt maturity significantly to 3.7 years, nearly double what it was before the $6 billion plus of capital markets transactions we've executed in the last 18 months while we also reduced the weighted average spread of our debt. Finally, as Rina mentioned, Fitch and Moody's both affirmed our credit ratings in the quarter, a signal of the institutional confidence in this platform that underpins our ability to access capital at the lowest financial services spreads in the high-yield market. We repurchased $30 million of our $400 million approved stock buyback year-to-date. Management and the Board own over $350 million of stock alongside our shareholders, more than all our peers combined. Our investing pipeline is robust, and we believe in the long-term value of this platform and are confident in our earnings trajectory over time. We've been telling you for years that access to capital at scale is 1 of our defining competitive advantages in this quarter is a concrete demonstration of that. We are not a pure-play mortgage REIT and are, in fact, only half a mortgage REIT. This is why our results and trajectory are different. We are a diversified finance company with over $32 billion of assets, 8 distinct business lines and that brought us to access to capital markets of anyone in our peer group. The ability to invest accretively and in scale every quarter and to issue high-yield notes, upsides and repriced term loans, execute CLOs, ABS and CMBS conduit securitizations across multiple asset classes. Our signaling is also unique and differentiated at a time when the traditional mortgage REIT model has come under pressure due to continued credit deterioration and lack of investor confidence and it is a competitive moat that compounds to our company and shareholders over time. With that, I'll turn the call to Barry.

Good morning, everyone. Thanks for joining us. the first item of my day is to wish being an area happy birthday. I very great to you. The first management team as [indiscernible] CFO. Maybe that's the violation of SEC decorum. I don't know if we'll find out A little surprised by the stock's reaction this morning. I think we actually had a pretty good quarter. and not deviant from anything we've talked about. I think we're kind of throwing the baby out with the bathwater. Remember, half our company is not large loan lending anymore. And I'm sure there's worries of in the world about the stability of these mortgage folks given our competitors' reports heretofore. So I think we look at it differently, and it goes to, of course, our dividend, which we're very public about and you could see we're not covering. We're pretty confident in our ability to get back to the earnings power that we'll need to drive the dividend and restore our coverage of dividend. And why are we confident? So let's start with what's actually happening at the property level in the United States today. Almost all the real estate asset classes here and in Europe are in repair. I mean everything is getting better. If you look at all the equity REITs in the multifamily sector and logistics sector, self-storage, senior housing, everything is getting better. That's basically driven by steady demand and rapidly deteriorating or nonexistent supply. I think retail construction is like less than 1%. Office is at historic lows. If you take out build-to-suits, there's almost nothing being built in this country, apartment starts to drop 7% and logistics starts down 70%. And you're beginning to see improvements in rent in the multi-sector, which we've been waiting for, got knows how many quarters. But the markets are absorbing there's still new supply completing and things are getting better market by market. Basically, the weakness is in the Sunbelt cities, and it's pretty strong on the 2 coasts, given nobody was building in California or New York City. And now it's even harder with the rent -- the prospects of rent control in those markets. So the bad news is for the whole sector on the legacy books are the flattening of the yield curve, but interest rates have gone up. So we have a lot of multi that borrowers are saying all survived for '25, lower rates will allow me to refinance, and I can hold on for what we know will be pretty good years if you listen to Camden or UDR or Avalon, or six, I mean, they're all different geographies, but they're all talking about a pretty good year in back half of 26% and really good in '27 and upends in '28 is the kind of comments from those management teams a lot of borrowers were holding on for that. They're not making a lot of money. They didn't but they're paying their debt service. So now it's getting a little more challenging for these guys because they're not refinancing the 3 silver the refinancing of the 4 or 4 and 8. I actually fundamentally can't really understand the Fed's position on raising rates to this economy. It's not going to open the Strait of Hormuz. It's not going to change the price of oil in the United States. It will only impact the interest rate sensitive portions of the economy. Looks like a broken record, almost 1/3 of the economy is really health care, education and government hires those sectors have added almost 6 million jobs since the Fed started raising rates 500 basis points in May of '22. It doesn't work on this economy. Listen to these bubble heads on TV in the morning talking about the manufacturing sector. It's 12 million jobs. It's irrelevant to the United States economy today, we need to bring back manufacturing and how are you going to do that with a 4% unemployment rate. Most people like up working with the service economies -- so it's really a funny concept, but it is a tax. The rise in oil price is a tax the proper move might actually be to lower rates in order to induce the interest rate sensitive sectors like housing to be affordable and to recover and to take a burden off the consumer that increased prices represent to the consumer. So I would say the backdrop is it's getting better at the property, which fundamentally is important. And the other bigness, obviously, for our shareholder base this morning is we are very busy investing capital. The opportunity sets are great. we're having record flows of investments. They're double-digit yields consistent with everything we've ever produced in the past. And this is all new stuff, and it's obviously becoming a bigger and bigger portion of our book. going forward. So what we have to do is nurse the older stuff. And we're pretty confident of our ability to turn what doesn't earn much or almost not think some of the assets we're getting back into being able to sell them and return the capital to invest at these double-digit returns, which will ultimately support the dividend. And I'll give you a few examples in our book and what you see probably don't appreciate and Jeff kind of mention it, but I'll double dip on the comment. When our borrowers get stressed, they stop investing in these assets, and they kind of -- in some cases, they can't even -- they don't put the money to turn the apartment units. They're actually trying to strip what they can before they give it back to us. They stop CapEx, another property, they didn't do elevator repairs, so you couldn't get to the units on the top of the property. One property we did foreclose on , which is a mixed-use development in Texas. Our team, since we took it over like 3 months ago, has taken the NOI of the hotel from $1.2 million to $4.6 million apartments, which we had to have gone from 60% to 80%. We're comp, and we'll get that into the 90s and the hotel will stabilize probably we'll get out of this hole in my opinion. But at the moment, it's certainly not much for our shareholders. So we're an equity shop. These are equity assets. Our store capital is an equity shop. I always joke to our team. It's really fun to get these multis back because you're getting them back at a really good price per key. And if I was an opportunity phone, I'd buy it. And we are selling it. We're getting them back in within a month or 2 or 3 months, they're gone. In fact, we fix it, we just sell it and we don't lose money. They could lose $5 million or $10 million, it's completely irrelevant to the company as a whole. And in some cases, we might actually make a little bit of money. If we're seeing cap rates. There's a portfolio of apartments that just sold in like a week it will trade in the 5.2%. It's a very large deal, and you did it with almost no due diligence. So there's great appetite to buy apartments which everyone knows what's coming down the road and you see this across the whole country. In fact, we've been bidding on apartments on the West Coast. Cap rates are dipping below 4.6 or 7, we have a bid an apartment deal in Florida. So the cap rates are there to support these loans, but we have to work through it. There's no fast answer here. And the resolutions of these deals is not always in our control. So we have to take it back to minimize transfer taxes, if it's in the states with transfer taxes. But we're confident in our ability to restore the earnings power of the company. in the near term, although that could take a little longer than we would like. And so we think we're not considering our dividend -- changing our dividend policy at the moment. If things go differently, it's something ops that we don't know about and we see we'd have to revisit that. But right now, we're confident in our dividend. And as a shareholder myself and the management team, we know exactly what we're doing. We're obviously over paying our dividend. We're deteriorating our book value slightly we believe our shareholders have wanted to be consistency and transparency, and that's why I'm talking so much today to actually tell you what is actually going on. And we look at our book, I can break it down between the really good stuff, the stuff that and then the stuff that's not doing much. And to us, it represents just tremendous earnings power. And we're going to look if we have to take small losses to redeploy that capital now and get to the 12s and 13s and better that we can produce on the capital when we get it back, we're going to do it. And we'll just do it measurably. And we have gains in our book. So we can offset some of the losses or gains and you know where they are. We've talked about them for the last 13 years. And that stuff is only getting better. So when you break down our businesses, look at our really good stuff, obviously, our infrastructure business has been terrific. It continues to be great. our special servicer, a conduit, our resi book are all fine, Woodstar, our apartment portfolio, terrific. Our triple net lease business, not adding much to our earnings right now, but I look at it as an opportunity because we have a business that trades at a 6%, a triple net lease business, 17-year leases, 0 defaults. It trades at a 6% in the public market and it trades at 11 or 12 dividend yield in us, and that's done, right? We're not tout -- so we have to look at what we can do here. We love the earnings. I mean, the stability of the earnings. We love the depreciation shield it gives us, but we have a large business inside of us that would be worth materially more if we sold it. And we sold it or we somehow spun it off, we did something with it. We obviously think we could enhance our earnings profile. It's not something we really want to do, but it's something we know that we have in our pocket that we could do if we could figure out the right way to do it. So I'll give you one other REO story because I actually just visited the asset in Washington, D.C. We took back an office building from 1 of the top 3 or 4 real estate sponsors in the United States, a company that most people -- actually, this particular company is even though we've taken multiple buildings back from them, they've never reported the default from the losses they've incurred in all these assets, which is fascinating. But leaving that to the side. This former office building we inherited, we've got approval and we've begun the process of turning into an apartment complex. I looked at -- we already started rents have gone up in D.C., what we thought would just get us our capital back, now profitably we could make money on. There's no way to accelerate this. Like, it's a couple of hundred million dollar assets sitting on our books, you're giving it 0 value because it's not there to produce the dividend. It is a work in progress. It will be finished. It will lease plus or minus something and it would be an additive asset, and we'll get our capital back. So I don't know how to do that any differently as you take the long view, which we have, we're the longest surviving firm in our space and the largest inner space. So we're going to do that in other cases like we've restructured a loan on a portfolio of apartments. And we might look to just sell the loan. It's fine. It's the loan that assets are definitely worth the loan balance, but it's underperforming. We can't materially increase the ROE on that loan. It was restructured and we agreed to a fixed rate loan. So it's under -- it's earning, but it's not earning the levels of returns we want to earn on capital about scale in our company. So asset by asset modified loan and non-accrual loans, we're going through them all, and we're going to figure out the right way to maximize shareholder value and build back our book value. So I think I'm actually feeling pretty good about things. I really -- I'm looking at the future and all the earnings power of all these underperforming assets as well as our ability to put out the capital across our very differentiated platform at very attractive returns, consistent or better than we've had in the past. And we are going into a new line of business, which we'll tell you about next quarter. At least we're highly confident we're going into it. which will add another cylinder to our company. And again, nothing to do with commercial -- well, income-producing commercial loans. And we continue to look at acquisition opportunities and opportunities to consolidate our sector as some other people throw in the towel and where stocks are trading at material discounts to book value. We should be a sector consolidator and still keep our eye on the ball, which is to try to make investment grade down the road. So our -- what Jeff and Marina and the team have done to our balance sheet is heroic. We have, by far, the best balance sheet in the sector. I call it a fortress balance sheet in our sector, with very little near-term maturities, we've lowered our cost of capital. And if I'm right, which is a counterview that rates won't go up as much as people say, I think things will get better, continue to get better. So I'm happy that I can't tell you it's perfect today. I'm very happy. I can tell you how we can grow and restore earnings power is pretty obvious to everyone in the room. And we're doing about what we told you we were going to do. So there's not much of a surprise. It is nice to see we had no deterioration in our credit book. The CECL reserve just went up because interest rates went up and that's an economic model that we can't control. We have $700 million of reserves against this book. I'll give you a little hint. We'll probably use a lot of that down the road. But that won't impact book value when that happens and when and if it happens. But again, things are picking up. I mean even the office markets are getting leases which we've been consistent for now 2 years. The good buildings are leased and have tremendous rental power. And even in our suburban book, in our equity book, not this company's but start capital's book we're kind of surprised the velocity of office leasing coming back to markets that you've heretofore considered to be weak. And the industrial markets, I can tell you like not getting away from this, we are quite busy in getting multiple bids again on industrial assets. All that bodes really well for the majority of our book. and for the opportunities that we have in front of us. So with that, I thank you for your time, and I hope you have a great rest of summer. And I know you joined me in wishing Rina happy birthday. Thank you.

[Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from Jade Rahmani with KBW.

From an equity perspective, when you're bidding on multifamily, you mentioned the 4.3% cap rate on the California portfolio. How are you thinking about that? Is there an opportunity to create rent growth and there's supply shortfalls down the road. So the fundamentals are really going to turn the corner. Is that the thesis there? Because I think multifamily has been challenged with taking a lot longer to turn the corner on rent growth. And now with the recent spike in interest rates that potentially weighing on valuations.

So the 4.3% was actually in Florida. It wasn't in California, but we bid on some apartments in the Bay Area, and I think the cap rates were [indiscernible] We lost, by the way. we're seeing 14% lease trade-outs in the Bay Area. So like this is in both renewals and new leases are positive. You see across the country, both in SFR and in apartments that renewals are positive and the propensity of people to stay is higher than it's been in the past because there's no work for them to go. They're not buying houses. So that's been good. They're positive, but the new leases have been challenged. And what we're seeing is concessions are burning off, and that's the first thing you see before market rates go up. So instead of 3 months or 2.5 months or 2 months or 1.5 months, that translates into rental growth actually, effective net rents are going up. And I think it is market by market. I think the Northern Florida market seems to be turning a little faster than some other markets and even in a city like Austin, which is probably the worst department market in the country, we have assets that are positive on both renewals and new leases and others that are down material. So I think it's totally -- right now, it's like the stock market picking, you pick your market, you pick your asset in the market, you pick your ZIP code in that submarket. You see a lot of the new construction of data centers and to some extent, manufacturing facilities, if you're so lucky to have a Harbor building you're one of these, you have a great pricing power. You saw the hotel companies talk about the lower end of the market getting better. It's kind of consistent with the best c-shaped economy. We're beginning to see the bottom turnaround, which we have not seen in our lower end extended stay stuff, not stuff you own here. But Starwood controls 110,000 apartments, 60,000 affordable units and 50,000 market rate and we get data trailing 30, 60 and 90 in every market we're in from our portfolio. Obviously, with AI, now we're collecting data on everything else that comes in to shop. So for me, I'm an equity guy, we're sort of mastering the debt world. We wouldn't mind holding some of these assets if we thought they were going to take off. We've been trying to turn them quickly and get rid of the REO in the multi book. But at the time, I turn to our team and say, why are we selling at that price per unit? It's half of replacement cost. So I think -- I don't -- it's funny. My own team showed me a REIT the other day that they classified as an office REIT. This office REIT is really an apartment REIT so the market thinks they're an office REIT. It's still classified there about 80%, 70% of their income from apartments. We're a mortgage REIT, you're treating us like we're just a mortgage REIT. Even if I took back all this equity book, you'll still treat me like a mortgage REIT. So I want to make money for the shareholders. I want to own these assets, but as a mortgage REIT, I should get rid of them. So we could convince people like half part of us is an equity REITs are trading probably at a 4.5% dividend yield, not -- so -- and our high ROE businesses, which is our service, the nation's largest $100 billion of loans that in services and almost $10 billion in a special right now. That is a great business. I mean it's a fantastic ROE business stuck inside of us -- no one else has one, and we get no value for it in our current structure. We're treated just like everyone else. And no one else looks like our company, not even remotely close, a few have pivoted to try to build some of these verticals, but they're relevant given their scale. We're half other things, right? So we have -- and for that reason, you'll see us get more aggressive on our stock repurchase programs. And personally, we'll see what we do. But we don't get gifts like this every day. So I think we represented a pretty good value in a very volatile world where obviously, we're in the data center business ourselves. We probably have $20 billion, $30 billion deployed in that sector. So we're a lender to the sector in the business. But that is a crazy business right now, people. There's a moratorium going up for review, I guess, in Dallas County, which is the largest data center market in the world. It is so big, it is bigger than all of Europe and Asia combined. It's been the king of data centers. And all of a sudden, they seem to have caught the political headwinds of not in my backyard. So it is sort of [ pregnant ] on data centers, the 8.5 gigawatts on their way to, I think, 10 or 12 so it's like that business is getting airy. And we have stocks that are trading at all-time highs, assuming all these data centers get built, they better carry up and get space ready because in the United States, whether it's Chinese influence or not, is getting it really hard to get approvals for data centers. And I think the market has adjusted not a basis point or a slowdown in the ability of us to get all of us in the development world. to get these data centers approved and up and ready in time. And it makes those that are approved, even more valuable. But I think look, the volatility of the world has always been good for the real estate sector. Real assets are some place, everybody wants to come and real estate loans are pretty attractive relative to tech credit we're -- I laughed. I was talking to one of my children the day. I said, at least we go to bed knowing a garage and Mongolia isn't coming up with a new LLM that's going to put us out of business. Mean the pressure of our business is different, right? Like we're not -- we don't really care about a building built in Tokyo, right? And if you're in a tech world, you can go out of business literally overnight. And this sector, we're resilient. We're the world's largest asset class, and there's always something to do. Our job is to go find out where the good risk returns are for the monthly risk and we've built a company that has lots of ability to deploy capital and other things. We've been looking at other things, too. We we're very careful, and we have the 5 brought us a very interesting transaction, which we may or may not go back and do, but that we're looking at doing what we're supposed to do, which is build a consistent earnings stream and be transparent. And I think the shareholders do approve I appreciate that, and that's why we've got the [indiscernible] award for 8 years, 10 years in a row, so most best reporting probably these earnings calls, too.

I mean, is there anything that you've experienced this cycle that changes your views on how Starwood Property Trust should invest. For example, the regional banks have pulled back materially, does that open up an opportunity in perhaps fixed rate lending, attacking the middle market also liability management. I think the mortgage REITs you mentioned that are under so much pressure. It has to do with liability structure, which makes them a force seller in many cases, Starwood has been wise to diversify and continue to diversify the right side of the balance sheet.

Yes. Like the new business we'll talk about next quarter is actually a business that the bank -- regional banks have left and or greatly reduce their capital allocation to and we think it could be a particular good vertical for us going forward. We've been working on it, but we finally found a way to get in it. And I would say Construction is interesting for us today. And I guess the other thing people need to be aware of, of course, is rising construction costs across the globe in the United States are still in place. And one of our board members was -- we just recently had a Board meeting, I think it was last week. And one of our board members is in the construction industry, and you've gotten reports from some of the housing companies that prices have come down. What's really happening is labor is becoming harder to get again because the electrician and the plumber are getting picked off to build the data center at 2x what they're getting paid to build a house. So that applies to commercial real estate, too. All of the construction that's needed to build all this stuff. They're just stealing workers from other verticals in the economy and putting pressure on wages. Materials are okay. We'll see where oil wides up because everything in a building is some derivative of oil, plastics and piping. Copper prices are pretty high. So I think you're not getting a big help there, but construction prices are -- it's not getting cheaper to build across the country and particularly in the unions in dominated cities, it's brutally hard to make the economics work. So I think -- I don't know. I mean we're -- we had 3 loans, I think we approved yesterday. We're still seeing lots of opportunity globally. Pretty constructive in Europe and continue to find good opportunities. And we've been through a lot of cycles in our 15 years, I guess, what I call credit help was up and down our sector. And we continue to find opportunities to deploy capital. That's when you should be worried by the way. I mean you should be worried about us when we can't produce double-digit yields on the books we originate. We'll tell you when that happens. But right now, that's not the case.

And it's been really consistent, the yields that we're returning over the last 4, 5, 6 years, even on a levered basis. You said 2 things, Dave, you talked about banks. And the banks going back, it certainly helped our result. We've talked about that at nauseam, so I won't go there. But they are significantly better off lending to us from a regulatory capital perspective than making whole loans, and that's helped where we finance ourselves. You also mentioned fixed rate lending. The insurance company with a lower cost of capital and us tend to lend fix. And when rates go up like this, they have a yield target and that tends to drive spreads lower because they're willing to lend at an all-in yield and that helps drive spread. Both of those things are helpful to us from a borrowing perspective where we're borrowing at lower spreads. So we dropped off that, but we're unlikely to compete in fixed rate lending away from the CMBS conduit world where -- we're doing a decent amount of 5- and 10-year fixed rate lending, and we're the #1 nonbank originator of CMBS for the last 2 or 3 years in a row. But most of these things create tailwinds to what Barry said, which is our pipeline that will continue to earn double-digit deal on. Operator, next question?

Our next question comes from Rick Shane with JPMorgan.

Barry, I have no idea what the SEC will say about you singing, but I believe that they put happy birthday to the public domain. So at least Rina won't have to expense you think to or this morning. One question for you. You alluded to -- not alluded to, but you started to talk about data centers. Starwood Digital Ventures has a partnership with [ Monro ] I'm curious how we should think about how that partnership interfaces with Starwood Property Trust, how that partnership is going? And how you see allocation to data centers between equity and debt across the platform.

For those shares anyone listening doesn't know what we're speaking about start on the private side has a JV with Mara, a Bitcoin mining company where we are the -- we take their Bitcoin online and we take over and turn it into a data center. They have a number of projects, and there's been tremendous tenant interest in their projects. There's no crossover between Star Property Trust and the activities of the upstart Digital Ventures at the moment or the more partnerships. So they're totally separate. But I think you saw the Epcot moratorium in Texas. And that -- I think that's just a slowdown so they figure out what they're going to do. But getting approvals for deals has been harder since the public sentiments determined that data centers are equal. So even in Texas, it's put a kink in things. We do have unbelievable tenant interest in the properties. And I think for all of us in the data center world, we have to figure out what the credit profile is of some of the tenants. There's obviously the -- we've only done deals with hyperscalers but even in the hyperscale world, do you have a different credit of Oracle versus meta or Amazon or Microsoft, and then we've not done any data center work with any of the neoscalers or [indiscernible] or any of those guys. And I think the whole data center world is being driven by the availability and proceeds levels and pricing of the debt because everybody is trying to do basically the same thing with the same half a dozen tenants. And some people are willing to build lens so new in the markets that I got engine looks great, but some of them are maybe they're billing to 7, somebody at some , some 10, -- we built the data center I mean it goes 12. You don't know. You don't know -- you can't know. I was seeing 1 of you has written about another REIT. Equity REIT that's big in data center businesses, and they're making an assumption. Some of the analysts are what the yields on costs are. There's no way you know that because no told you that at least hasn't been signed could you know. I think from our perspective is that our lending to that sector is very -- we're very comfortable where we are and the syndicates that we participated in, and we'll continue to look at the credits and make sure that we're comfortable with the credits. And once these things are completed, they will be refinanced because, I guess, another view is with you have a 15- or 20-year lease from a hyperscaler, and they're backed by their credit to it depends what kind of data center is. But the real question is, why should their real estate credit being 500, 400, 300, 200 basis points wide of their corporate credit. And that's what the market sees. So there seems to be a tremendous appetite, at least in the public markets for data center debt. and you've seen some very large deals get done still in the market. And we're looking -- we look at everything. So what we want to participate in and not typically today, the spreads on a Microsoft deal won't work for us. We won't be able to make that -- but we were fairly early on, and we do have some much higher yielding data center exposure. Our largest one will pay off later this year. It's already out of construction. But the book that we put on, we're very comfortable with future funds to about $1.8 billion total of our $30 billion book, but it's a higher yield than you can get today. But that's exactly the point is the finished data center gets refinanced and we get taken out.

Our next question comes from Chris Muller with Citizens Capital Markets.