Dollarama Inc. (DOL) Earnings Call Transcript & Summary

Good morning, and welcome to the Dollarama Fiscal 2023 Fourth Quarter Results, Full Year Results Conference Call. Neil Rossy, President and CEO; and J.P. Towner, CFO, will make a short presentation, followed by a question-and-answer period open exclusively to financial analysts. The press release, financial statements and management's discussion and analysis are available at dollarama.com in the Investor Relations section as well as on SEDAR. Before we start, I have been asked by Dollarama to read the following message regarding forward-looking statements. Dollarama's remarks today may contain forward-looking statements about its current and future plans, expectations, intentions, results, levels of activity, performance, goals or achievements or any other future events or developments. Forward-looking statements are based on the information currently available to management and on estimates and assumptions made based on factors that management believes are appropriate and reasonable in the circumstances. However, there can be no assurance that such estimates and assumptions will be proved to be correct. Many factors could cause actual results, levels of activity, performance, achievements, future events or developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. As a result, Dollarama cannot guarantee that any forward-looking statement will materialize, and you are cautioned to not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. For additional information on the assumptions and risks, please consult the cautionary statements regarding forward-looking information contained in Dollarama's MD&A, dated March 29, 2023, available on SEDAR. Forward-looking statements represent management's expectations as at March 29, 2023. And except as may be required by law, Dollarama has no intention, and undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. I would now like to turn the conference call over to Neil Rossy.

Thank you, operator, and good morning, everyone. This morning, Dollarama released outstanding full year fiscal 2023 results, meeting or exceeding annual guidance across all key metrics. We capped off the year on a particularly high note, delivering exceptional performance in the fourth quarter. Our strong operational and financial results reflect the continued positive consumer response to our year-round value proposition, which has only been reinforced in the context of high inflation. Our resilient and flexible business model enabled us to deliver from a procurement, operational and cost management perspective, while navigating a dynamic environment. That dynamic environment includes lingering supply chain dislocations, which had to be carefully managed. Through fiscal 2023, we were very proactive in rebuilding our inventory to pre-pandemic levels and in circumventing some of the delays in the system impacting all retailers, all on mitigating the impacts of rising freight and logistics costs. Working through this was no easy feat, and I'm proud of the flexibility and capacity demonstrated by procurement and logistics operations as we accomplished what we set out to do. We kept the goods flowing to our stores throughout the year, including for key seasons, and we successfully brought our inventory and in-stock positions back to acceptable levels by the year-end. Our inventory position has also grown in tandem with our continued store network growth, strong same-store sales performance and the introduction of higher price points. Fiscal 2023 marked the gradual rollout of new price points up $5 beginning last summer, more than 6 years after our $4 price point introduction. To date, this new retail offering has been very well received by customers coast-to-coast. It has enabled us to offer new compelling SKUs. It has allowed us to bring back SKUs that were appreciated in the past to discontinue because of prohibitive costs. In addition, it has enabled us to continue offering several SKUs despite rising costs. We will continue to provide a wide array of compelling products at each of our price points, ranging from $1 or less up to $5, and to refresh our products throughout the year as we always have. We remain extremely disciplined in our pricing strategy across all price points, item by item to preserve our year-round relative value. Turning now to our Canadian footprint. We opened 65 net new stores in fiscal 2023, consistent with the prior 6 years, bringing our Dollarama store count to 1,486 stores as at January 29, 2023. Going into fiscal 2024, we have a solid real estate pipeline with site opportunities across the country. Near term, we are looking forward to the opening of our 1,500th net new stores, making a significant milestone along our road map to reaching our long-term target of 2,000 stores in Canada by 2031. From a logistics perspective, and in support of our long-term Canadian growth plans, we commissioned our seventh warehouse just before fiscal year-end. At approximately 500,000 square feet and located near our existing logistics operations, the Laval facility significantly increases our warehousing capacity. Finally, as discussed on our last earnings call, we intend to purchase strategically located industrial properties adjacent to our distribution center in [indiscernible], providing us with additional flexibility to support our long-term logistics needs. That transaction is expected to close in the second quarter of fiscal 2024. On the technology front, we continue to deploy capital towards transformational IT projects to the benefit of the business. One notable example this year has been the digitization and centralization of our recruitment platform for our store operations, which we believe will increase our efficiency and recruitment efforts as we continue to open new stores across Canada and keep our stores staffed in a tight labor market. I am also pleased with our progress on the ESG front throughout the year, including the publication of our climate strategy last June, this included our first-generation climate goal of the 25% GHG intensity reduction for Scope 1 and 2 emissions by 2030. This represents the first major step in our climate road map in the last year. We have already made very good progress towards achieving this goal, which we are tracking closely. We look forward to providing our next annual ESG update in just a few months. Turning to Latin America. Dollarcity continues to perform well, meeting or exceeding our expectations and key performance metrics. Like Dollarama, the Dollarcity value proposition resonates with consumers in their LATAM markets, resulting in strong store sales growth and store opening cadence. With the opening of 90 net new stores in calendar 2022, their total store count is now 440. Dollarcity is making excellent progress towards its recently revised long-term store target of 850 stores by 2029 in its 4 current markets of operation. In conclusion, our outstanding performance in fiscal 2023 only reinforces the relevance of our value retail concept for consumers, the enduring strength of our unique business model and our disciplined execution. This is [ true for ] Dollarama in Canada and Dollarcity in Latin America. I would like to recognize and thank every Dollarama team member from our stores to our logistics operations and head office for their continued commitment to providing consumers with convenience and the best relative value on every dollar they spend in our stores. In the context of continued macroeconomic uncertainty and inflationary pressures on consumers, our priority is to remain and maintain our value promised to Canadians from all walks of life in fiscal 2024. Our customers can continue to count on us. J.P., over to you to review our financial results in more detail.

Thank you, Neil, and good morning, everyone. Let's start with a quick overview of our exceptional fourth quarter results. Sales in Q4 grew 20.3%, reaching nearly $1.5 billion. Same-store sales grew 15.9%, supported by a double-digit increase in transaction volumes. Our strong top line performance was driven by a number of factors, including the absence of pandemic-related restrictions, the introduction of higher price points and the successful product refreshes across our offering. While the trade down by consumers, which accelerated throughout fiscal 2023, certainly boosted our consumable sales, our overall category mix remained quite stable and generally in line with historical patterns. To illustrate, based on retail sales, consumables represented 42% of our mix in fiscal 2022 and 44% of our mix in fiscal '23. General merchandise and seasonal together continue to represent the majority of our total sales mix to product categories which have long made Dollarama a shopping destination. Gross margin was 44.6% of sales compared to 45.2% in Q4 2022. The anticipated decrease reflects a slight change in the sales mix as described above, and higher logistics costs related to our inventory rebuild. SG&A improved to 14.2% of sales compared to 14.5% in the same quarter last year. This improvement primarily reflects the absence of COVID-19 related costs. EBITDA increased by 18.8% and diluted EPS increased by 23% to $0.91 for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023. At year-end, inventory stood at $957 million. With a stabilized inventory position from Q3 to Q4, the vast majority of our inventory rebuild is now behind us. A few comments on full year results and the financial metrics guidance we achieved before turning to the outlook for fiscal '24. We delivered an outstanding sales performance throughout the year, delivering on our value proposition, which resonated more than ever in a high inflation environment. This translated into SSS growth of 12% for the full fiscal year, exceeding our expectations of 9.5% to 10.5%. We maintain industry-leading gross margins of 43.5% of sales compared to 43.9% in the prior year, in line with guidance provided. SG&A came in at 14.3% of sales compared to 15.1% for fiscal '22, an improvement primarily driven by minimal COVID-19 costs and the positive scaling impact of strong sales, also in line with our guidance. On the back of an acceleration in same-store sales, active gross margin management and a higher equity pickup from Dollarcity, we've delivered strong earnings growth with diluted EPS up 27% to $2.76. Turning now to capital allocation. We remained active throughout the year on the NCIB front. In total, we repurchased 8.9 million shares for a total cash consideration of $689 million during fiscal '23. A cash dividend was also declared each quarter. And today, the Board approved a 28% increase of the quarterly cash dividend to [ $0.0708 ] per share. CapEx came in at $157 million, primarily due to the timing of the delivery of the racking of our [indiscernible] warehouse, which will now fall under fiscal 2024 CapEx. In fiscal 2024, we will maintain a balanced approach to capital allocation by continuing to invest in organic growth and return capital to shareholders. We intend to maintain our pace of net new store openings with a target of 60 to 70 net new stores for fiscal '24, in addition to continued investments in maintenance and transformational capital projects. As such, we expect to deploy between $190 million and $200 million in CapEx in fiscal '24. The year-over-year increase primarily reflects the remaining investments in our Laval warehouse. This CapEx budget excludes the $87 million property acquisition agreement anticipated to close by the second quarter. In addition to maintaining a dividend subject to quarterly approval, we intend to allocate our excess free cash flows towards the repurchase of shares through our NCIB. We continue to believe that this represents an appropriate and efficient use of excess cash to increase shareholder value. In the current macroeconomic environment, we will continue to actively manage our capital structure and anticipate that our leverage ratio will be below our historical target range of 2.75 to 3x throughout fiscal '24. Specifically, in the current interest rate environment, our after-tax cost of debt compared to our earnings yield is not generating meaningful accretion. At year-end, our adjusted net debt-to-EBITDA ratio was 2.71x. Turning to our financial performance guidance for fiscal 2024. On SSS, we expect that the first half of fiscal '24, we will continue to benefit from strong demand for affordable, everyday items in the context of continued inflationary pressures on consumers. Looking at our SSS performance in the first quarter of fiscal '24, 2 months in, we are pacing the same 2-year SSS average as in Q4 of fiscal '23. However, these demand trends are expected to normalize through the second half of the fiscal year. As a result, our SSS growth expectation for fiscal '24 is in the range of 5% to 6%. While we anticipate higher demand for lower margin consumable products to carry over into fiscal '24, lower freight costs and logistics costs on imported goods are expected to positively impact gross margins. We have definitely seen a stabilization in global supply chains of late, and believe we are in the final stages of its normalization. As such, and based on our current visibility, we expect gross margin as a percentage of sales to improve year-over-year and to be in the range of 43.5% to 44.5% of sales. Wage pressures on SG&A will be more substantial in fiscal '24 compared to the prior year, partially offset by the positive impact of scaling as well as ongoing efficiency initiatives. Accordingly, SG&A guidance for the full year is in the range of 14.7% to 15.2% of sales. Rotating challenges seem to have been the hallmark of the past few years. Our ability to consistently deliver through the pandemic, persistent supply chain issues, increasing economic and geopolitical instability and rapid inflation speaks to the relevance of our value promise and the resilience of our business model. These factors position us well for continued growth despite the uncertain economic context. That concludes our formal remarks, and I'll turn it over to the operator for the Q&A.

[Operator Instructions] Our first question is from Irene Nattel with RBC Capital Markets.

Great end to the year. One thing if we could start, please, with what you're seeing in terms of consumer demand, demand for both consumables and GM seasonal? And what the consumer response has been in particular to the higher price points?

It's been pretty even across most categories, slight strength, I guess, or strengthening of our consumables more than the nonconsumable category. But really, we've seen an increase across all categories and the same for seasonal.

And price points, Neil?

Price points also very well accepted and aligned with existing price points. So I think the gradual execution of the same relative value has been well accepted by our customers.

That's great. And a couple of points of quantification of [indiscernible], just around outlets of the F '24 guidance, in particular, with the SG&A, quite an interesting step up. What factors are at play there? And kind of what causes things to end up at one end or the other? And then on the NCIB, how should we be thinking about magnitude of NCIB and funding of NCIB in F '24?

Okay. Thanks, Irene. On SG&A, I think the first important point is to note that we're still facing an extremely tight labor market. And -- I mean we see unemployment rates where they are and they're still fairly low levels. In the second half of fiscal '23, we've seen an acceleration in wage pressures. We talked about it on the last earnings call. And we expect that trend to continue in fiscal 2024. I think we'll be able to offset a portion of that through revenue scaling and efficiency initiatives, but there's going to be a remaining impact to the bottom line. And what's also important to note in addition to wages is that we're seeing increased traffic in our stores, which means more hours spent on replenishing our inventory, replenishing our shelves. We're also in the last innings of our inventory rebuild, which means the goods are making their way from our DC to the stores, which also requires more labor hours. But the vast majority of the SG&A increase is driven by the wage environment.

Thanks, J.P. And on the NCIB?

On the NCIB, the first important comment is that we intend to remain very active on our NCIB program. When we talk in the press release and in my comments about deleveraging, it's important to note that, that's not occurring as a result of our intent to pay down debt, but simply as a result of EBITDA growth, which will naturally bring our leverage down over the next few quarters. And when I say our leverage down, I mean, modestly down. I don't expect our leverage to be in a completely different ZIP code. So we intend to remain very active on the buyback.

Our next question is from Brian Morrison with TD Securities.

On the NCIB, can I just clarify that. That's -- so you're simply going to finance your surplus free cash flow. We should not expect any additional leverage to facilitate, correct?

That's correct.

I guess maybe for Neil. When I think about inflation starting to decline and possibly a bit of a mix shift away from consumables, it's clearly driving traffic right now. Is there a risk exceeding some of the market share you're gaining? Or what's top store any steps that you can take to ensure those gains are maintained?

I think the best way to ensure it is to make sure that the customers that we are gaining, if we are, in fact, gaining customers are satisfied that the lower prices that they're paying for their goods are for goods that are equally good or better. And so as long as we continue to source and procure goods that satisfy our customers' level of quality control and assortment, and we remain the best everyday value, we will likely keep many of those customers. But the risk is always there, of course, that when they're in another store, when times are slightly less challenging that they'll simply pay more. So we can only do so much. But I think the goal is to satisfy them in the sense that if they've come and they're new and they buy and they're satisfied and they've paid less, hopefully, they'll be happy to pay less for it.

Okay. Last question, at the Dollarcity new store growth should have been about the [ 8% ] equity income growth that you realized in Q4. Maybe just some details on the performance, be it sales or gross margin performance? What took place there? I would have expected it to be a slight bit higher?

Yes. So Q4 at Dollarcity, we saw solid top line performance. The challenge was the inventory rebuild, like we had to go through in the second half of last year. So they faced some of those temporary challenges, but a good portion of that is behind them and behind us. So I think you can assume that if it weren't for those challenges, you would have seen the higher net income pickup in the Q4.

And that's behind us now?

For the vast majority.

Our next question is from George Doumet with Scotiabank.

It just a 2-part question on the gross margins. How much of the 60 basis point compression was mix versus higher logistics costs in this quarter? And maybe looking ahead with fiscal '24 guidance, is it more of a second half story? And there's a pretty large range in the guide. Maybe what factor is the term rate if we fall in the lower end or in the upper end of that range?

So when you look at the Q4 gross margin compression, it's a mix of logistics and mix. And I'd say it's around 50-50. When you look at fiscal '24 and you think about our guidance range, the big driver, of course, is number one, the mix. Keep in mind that last year, in the second half, we had the trade down happening. So we had the mix shift. And then in the first half of this year, assuming the trade down continues, there could be an impact on the mix. On the flip side, we entered into new ocean freight contracts at the end of Q4, which are in effect, and that will impact us positively throughout the year. So those are probably the 2 biggest drivers, the full year improvement in ocean freight costs and the mix story, which is a first half, second half story.

And on the same-store sales guidance of 5% to 6%, what are you guys thinking in terms of transaction count versus transaction sizes for the year?

It's very, very hard to tell. We've seen good traffic pick up on the back of the trade down and market share gains. As I said, on the gross margin comment, a lot of that was weighted and skewed towards the second half. So there's probability that it's more first half thing than the second half thing, but jury is out, and we'll see how the year evolves.

Okay. Just one last one, if I may. On the step-up in CapEx for fiscal '24, should we think of that as a level to build off of going forward? Or is that maybe -- can that tick down a little bit? And maybe for J.P., how should we think about the working capital release if at all, for fiscal '24?

Yes. So on the CapEx, the envelope for last year, so fiscal '23 was $160 million to $170 million. We landed at $157 million. That's really the baseline. In fiscal '24, we have some additional CapEx and therefore, the racking of our Laval warehouse and all the finishes that will need to be made there. but the baseline is really fiscal '23 levels. And then when you think about working capital, you saw from Q3 to Q4, we had a positive working capital influx from our inventory position that's now stabilized. As we said in our remarks, a lot of the supply chain pressures are now behind us. That being said, anything that happened but from what we're seeing right now, we're seeing a more stabilized supply chain and therefore, if inventory stabilizes, you shouldn't see the same type of working capital pressures as you said in fiscal '23.

Our next question is from Vishal Shreedhar with National Bank.

Just on your expectations for the year ahead on same-store sales growth. The 5% to 6% same-store sales growth, wouldn't that functionally represents inflation in the system right now. And wondering how management is thinking about real same-store sales growth. Does this outlook imply flat or negative real same-store sales growth that seems sort of less inflation as we look into fiscal '24?

Yes, our same-store sales growth assumption are based on a combination of traffic and basket and unit and price. But I think we're in an environment where on a real basis, we've been fortunate enough, as we talked about a bit earlier, to benefit from trade down and market share gains. So that would definitely be real SSS gains.

Okay. With respect to the quarter, obviously, very strong. Were there any transient events that happened in the quarter that may have impacted demand or anything of any significance? Or was it -- I don't want to say business as usual, but was it largely a smooth quarter in terms of demand trends?

I think business as usual is the best way to put it.

Our next question is from Karen Short with Credit Suisse.

A couple of questions for me on comp. So if I understood correctly, it sounds like your comp in 1Q was in that kind of 14% to 15% range. So I guess, is that accurate, but your full year guidance very much implies a slowdown in 2Q to 4Q on a 1-, 2- and 3-year basis. So any color on that? And then can you give an update on what comp you need to leverage fixed cost given the higher wage sales and SG&A that you guys issued? And then I had one other quick question.

Yes. So on the comp, we're -- as I mentioned, we're continuing to pace at levels that are higher than our circle average. I'm not going to comment on our expectations for Q1 SSS, but the levels that we're seeing as of now are higher than the circle averages. In terms of what it means for the second half, as we mentioned, we're -- we'll be comping very strong SSS levels in the second half, and therefore, the comps will be more difficult than the second half of this year than they are in the first half, and that's baked in our 5% to 6% guidance range. On the scaling for SG&A, the magnitude of wage pressures and wage growth, and when you compare that to our SSS assumptions, there's already some scaling embedded into it, but it's not enough to compensate for the wage headwind that we're facing in fiscal '24.

Okay. That's helpful. And then obviously, you talked about inventory in detail, but how -- what would be the right way to think about inventory growth in 2024, maybe on a per store basis? Or just how to think about it in general now that you've kind of accelerated the [indiscernible] and you're back to a little more normalized levels?

Yes. The way we look at it is from a turns perspective, so we look at the inventory turns. What we're seeing in Q4 of fiscal '23 is inventory turns returning to pre-pandemic levels, so more normalized levels. When we were in the midst of the supply chain crisis, you saw our inventory turns going up significantly. So I would expect Q4 to be a decent gauge for how we think about the inventory turns going forward.

Our next question is from Chris Li with Desjardins.

Maybe first question maybe for J.P., just on the SG&A., the midpoint of your SG&A rate guidance...

Sorry, Chris, we just lost you. Chris, we'll circle back.

Yes. We'll move to the next question.

One moment, please. Perfect. Mr. Li, please go ahead.

Chris?

Chris Li from Desjardins, please go ahead.

Sorry, can you hear me better now?

Yes.

Sorry about that. No, I just want to ask first question is just on the SG&A guidance. The midpoint is around 14.9%, which is about sort of 14.2% pre-COVID. I guess my question is, do you think sort of this is the new level given structurally higher cost pressure because of higher wages? Or do you expect the rate to improve over the longer term as you continue to benefit from the positive impact from scaling of the business?

It's too early to tell. I mean, we'll see how the year evolves. There is a factor, which is the labor market. There's another factor, which is our revenue growth and the scaling. So it's too early to tell if that's the trend for the long term or if it's a yearly thing.

Okay. And then just on free cash flow, just based on your response to George's question earlier, can we assume that free cash flow for this year should be higher than last year?

We don't provide guidance, as you know, Chris, on our free cash flows. But it's usually a function of our EBITDA and our CapEx [ envelope ]. And I commented on our working capital. So I think you can derive the equation.

Okay. Got you. And maybe last sort of modeling question is maybe on depreciation and amortization. I think last year, it was up around $35 million year-over-year. Again, directionally, should we expect a similar pace of increase for this year?

We don't -- again, we don't provide guidance on depreciation and amortization, but keep in mind that it's a function of CapEx, which is relatively in line with last year, and it's a function of store growth, which is also relatively in line with last year.

Okay. Got it. And then maybe switching gears quickly to Dollarcity. I think a couple of quarters ago, you've mentioned that your partners did not really have any intention to exercise the put option in the near term. I just want to check in to see if that is still the case or if you can comment on that.

For now, that is still the case.

Perfect. And then maybe, Neil, just wanted to ask your question. You mentioned that you're seeing some consumer response to the new higher price points has been very strong. I was wondering if you can maybe unpack that for us a little bit, which -- where are you seeing the strength? And what metrics are you looking at? And maybe if you can share with us within the higher price point, the vast majority of them being sort of new products that you haven't sold before? Because based on our survey, I mean, obviously, that's what we're seeing, but I just want to confirm if that's the case that these [ high type price ] points are mostly new products that are really resonating with the consumers?

So the vast majority are definitely new products, as you've clearly noted, and they range across all departments in the store. I think that the strategy we've always tried to be very conscious of in order to not overwhelm both our customer nor our buyers with a pressure to specifically buy certain price points for certain categories. So we try to offer a range of values across all departments, and this is simply allowing the buying group to provide even greater values at higher price points while maintaining our same relative value to the market on a new range of goods. And honestly, there's not any given department that really sticks out. So I would tell you it's [indiscernible].

Our next question is from Martin Landry with Stifel.

I was wondering if you can talk a little bit about the rollout of your self-checkout terminals. Wondering if you can give us an update as to where you're at right now, how many locations have these terminals, and what have you seen in terms of customer adoption?

So on self-checkouts, we've completed most of the retrofits on existing locations out of our existing store base. For new stores, it's really a store-by-store decision. I wouldn't expect self-checkout to apply it to all our new stores. It's really a function of traffic and different shopping patterns that we analyze on a case-by-case basis.

Okay. So is it fair to say that they're in your legacy stores everywhere in your legacy stores?

No, no. They're in about 20% to 25% of our legacy stores.

Okay. And what are you seeing in terms of impact on your labor costs with these self-checkout terminals?

It's not a labor cost thing, it's really a customer experience element. And so the focus is to -- given the transaction volume, traffic growth that we saw pre-pandemic, and that we're seeing now is to optimize the checkout lines and make the experience better for our customers.

Okay. And just moving on to your new store openings. You keep opening stores at a fast pace, more than 1 a week. I was wondering, where do you open your new stores? Are you going into smaller rural communities, or are you going into new suburbs around fast-growing cities, like just an idea to where are you putting new stores right now?

Well, much like our buying, our sourcing of properties is vast and varied and really, it's more a question of opportunity than it is a strategy per se at this point. We're interested in malls. We're interested in strip centers. We're interested in stand-alone buildings. We're interested in any location that we think will increase the convenience to our customer base and not cannibalize existing stores. So our new store pipeline generally has a very mixed look with regards to the type of real estate opportunity. And for the foreseeable future that remains the case.

Okay. And my last question is on Dollarcity. I know you don't give guidance on Dollarcity, but is there anything that you can mention or reiterate to help us model Dollarcity this year in terms of cadence of earnings? Or anything that you want to just remind us?

I mean a lot of the trends we're seeing in Canada would apply to Dollarcity in terms of customer shopping patterns and cadence. And in terms of store base, for fiscal '24, we think we'll be able to open 60 to 70 net new stores at our Dollarcity locations.

Our next question is from Peter Sklar with BMO Capital Markets.

Neil, these like very high traffic trends that you're experiencing. Like do you have a feel? Is it people coming back to shop more frequently? Or are you attracting -- do you think you're attracting new customers like immigrants, or are you going to say all of the above?

Well, I would say that immigrant are landing in Canada and Mercedes-Benz and as well as walking that is only immigrants. But otherwise, I would say it's all of the above. We really do see just a general trend and interest in checking the value that we've always offered to different groups of people that may not have felt any need to shop at Dollarama although that breaks my heart. And so it's everyone. It's a general thing across the board. And really, the hopes are that they enjoy the experience, they enjoy the value of the shop and the goods they're buying and that we keep as many as we can.

Okay. Last question on a different topic. This dividend increase you had of 28% is an extraordinary increase. Can you talk a little bit about the thinking of management and the Board and why you went for such a substantial increase?

Yes. We don't have a formal dividend policy, but we try -- and we've done it in the past when we have strong EPS growth, we try and maintain a payout that's generally in line with historical levels. So that's the thinking process. We had strong EPS growth, and we want to keep a payout that makes sense and have a balanced capital allocation.

Okay. And J.P., how do you think about the dividend payout ratio? What's your target range?

There's no target range. We -- it's a year-by-year decision. We don't have a formal dividend policy. So -- but we felt that this year was appropriate to maintain it in line with historical levels.

Our next question is from Edward Kelly with Wells Fargo.

I wanted to just start on the labor front, wage front and really just taking a step back on a multiyear outlook. And I guess the first part of this is, as you think about the wage investment that you are now making, how much of that is in response to sort of like turnover, applicant flow versus just market? How do you feel about where you're going in your average hourly rate? And then as we look sort of beyond the current year, is wage inflation just going to be dictated by market? Or do you have a bit more company-specific work that you're looking to do as we think about even the out year?

Yes. So the turnover and the market question are related because turnover is a function of market, and we compete in a global labor market across Canada. So we always strive to pay competitive wages. And so we adapt to the market as the market evolves. We've seen, as we mentioned, wage growth acceleration in the second half of this year, and we're adopting to that, and that's reflected in our guidance. So that's really the thinking behind this. There's no -- anything special or anything more than just the current market environment like many other retailers have discussed.

And to be clear, we realize that our employees at store level associates in particular, it's really an entry job. There will always be turnover, and it is a first job for many people. So the focus of the company is to ensure that the environment is safe, it's positive, that there's career opportunities, and that it's a great job. And even though it's not a very high-paying job, it's a job that they enjoy within the constraints of the salaries that one can earn as an entry-level job. So it really is a priority for the company to ensure that regardless of pay, those employees are enjoying the experience and that we're providing the proper environment.

Okay. Great. And just on the freight component. I know you've talked about -- you've signed a new contracts. How does that roll into the year? Is that more of a sort of Q3, Q4 story that wraps into the out year? Or do you begin to see some of that immediately in Q1?

Yes. As we mentioned last year around the same time, those contracts are for the vast majority renewed at the end of Q4, and it trickles in throughout Q1 and you start seeing the impact in Q2 and the second half of the year.

Great. And then just one last one for you on store openings. You've been pretty steady at this 65 number. It's interesting, right? 5 years ago, that was sort of 5.5%, 6% growth. It's now down to sort of like low 4%. Any thoughts on how that opening number evolves over time? Is that just the number that you're comfortable with? Or is there opportunity for that to go higher?

Well, it's the number that allows us to, #1, achieve our growth ambitions with our store target. But more importantly, it's also the number that the real estate market can achieve in our segment than Canada, and we think is reasonable. So we always adjust in function of that real estate market and how it's moving. But it's been a steady pace for the past few years and a place where we feel comfortable and the market feels comfortable absorbing our square footage demand.

Our next question is from Derek Dley with Canaccord Genuity.

Congrats on the strong quarter. Just a question on the freight and logistics costs. Can you quantify what the headwind from freight and logistics was during the quarter or during the year?

No. The -- all of that is baked in our gross margin guidance. And so we're pleased with our gross margin being flat to up 1%, and it's all embedded in those assumptions.

Okay. I thought I would try there. Just on the inventory, is most of that inventory, or the vast majority of that inventory that you have on the balance sheet now in the DCs or in the stores? Or is there still a component of it that's in transit like there was last quarter?

The bulk of it is in the warehouses and flowing through the distribution center to the stores, but the answer is the bulk of it is in the warehouse.

Okay. And then just following up on one of the questions earlier. Have you been introducing any sort of different store sizes or formats within the new store rollouts that you've been having? Or should we still be thinking about new stores as roughly just over 10,000 square foot boxes?

That's the right way to look at it.

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