Visa Inc. (V) Earnings Call Transcript & Summary

Welcome to Visa's Fiscal Third Quarter 2026 Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions] Today's conference is being recorded. If you have any objections, you may disconnect at this time. I would now like to turn the conference over to your host, Ms. Jennifer Como, Senior Vice President and Global Head of Investor Relations. Ms. Como, you may begin.

Thank you. Good afternoon, everyone, and welcome to Visa's Fiscal Third Quarter 2026 Earnings Call. Joining us today are Ryan McInerney, Visa's Chief Executive Officer; and Chris Suh, Visa's Chief Financial Officer. This call is being webcast on the Investor Relations section of our website at investor.visa.com. A replay will be archived on our site for 30 days. A slide deck containing financial and statistical highlights has been posted on our IR website. Let me also remind you that this presentation includes forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance, and our actual results, outcomes or timing could differ materially as a result of many factors. Additional information concerning those factors is available in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K and any subsequent reports on Forms 10-Q and 8-K, which you can find on the SEC's website and the Investor Relations section of our website. Except as required by law, we do not undertake any responsibility to update these forward-looking statements. Our comments today regarding our financial results will reflect revenue on a GAAP basis and all other results on a non-GAAP nominal basis unless otherwise noted. The related GAAP measures and reconciliation are available in today's earnings release and related materials available on our IR website. And with that, let me turn the call over to Ryan.

Thanks, Jennifer. In our fiscal third quarter, net revenue was up 14% year-over-year to $11.6 billion, and EPS was up 11%, both ahead of expectations. Quarterly payments volume grew 10% year-over-year in constant dollars to cross $4 trillion, the first time in Visa's history, and processed transactions grew 10% year-over-year to $72 billion, reflecting strong and resilient consumer spending. After record-setting net revenue growth in our second quarter, we continued to build on our momentum in the third quarter in 3 important ways: one, through our wins in consumer payments, commercial payments and money movement with a focus on serving our clients; two, with product innovation and development across our business, both what we are building and how we are building it; and three, in continuing to position our value-added services as a key driver of our growth, not just this year, but for years to come. I'll cover all 3, starting with our wins across the business. Our Visa-as-a-Service stack is rooted in serving our clients. We remain obsessed with helping our clients and the entire payments ecosystem scale and grow. A tangible sign of the trust our clients have in Visa and our capabilities is our Net Promoter Score. For the third consecutive year, we received a score of 76 in our annual global client engagement survey, an enviable number in any industry. Most notably, the NPS from both sellers and fintechs each increased several points with respondents valuing our strong brand, trusted partner relationships, global network strength, reliability and innovation. We see the strength of these relationships in our consumer and commercial and money movement solutions business with our credentials growing 8% year-over-year in the third quarter and our tokenized penetration nearing 60% of our e-commerce transactions globally. Let me provide some specific examples. First, in Europe, through portfolio migrations and organic expansion, we have grown credentials by more than 40 million in the last 12 months, which is over 70% faster than the annualized credentials growth we saw in the region from fiscal year 2019 to 2024. And in the next several years, we expect over 30 million more credentials from wins alone in Europe. An example from this quarter is NatWest, where we have won the entire consumer credit portfolio of their retail bank, demonstrating the strength of our strategic partnership that has been restored over the past 5 years. In Latin America, we have continued to bring our innovation and strong relationship management to drive processing penetration and value-added services. We recently renewed our 55-year relationship with Bradesco in Brazil across consumer credit and debit, commercial credit and debit and several value-added services. In Colombia, we signed an agreement with Grupo Aval, representing 4 banks in the country to drive domestic processing, enable Visa Direct cross-border transactions and support commercial card issuance in small business. Our processing penetration in the country, which was in the single digits 5 years ago, is now above 90%. In the U.S., we won the consumer debit portfolio of large Southeast community institution Colony Bank, which is a testament to our clear strategic alignment with our clients and the strength of Visa's debit network and value-added services. Our commercial and money movement solutions revenue grew 17% year-over-year with 13% year-over-year commercial payments volume growth, both in constant dollars as our product development continued to help us win business. For example, in Europe, we signed an agreement with Corpay to bring our Fleet 2.0 solution to their fleet card platform, supporting new opportunities across the region with capabilities such as EMV chips, digital wallet provisioning, contactless payments, rich transaction data and global acceptance. In our CEMEA region, we signed an inaugural B2B travel portfolio in Saudi Arabia with Alrajhi Bank, one of the largest banks in the region for our Visa Commercial Choice travel product, providing flexible interchange, automation, controls and reconciliation for their OTA clients. And in the U.S. and across 6 countries in Europe and Asia Pacific, we renewed with Nium, a fast-growing B2B travel issuer for virtual cards. In money movement, Visa Direct transactions grew 21% year-over-year this quarter to $4 billion. Expanding relationships to activate new use cases is one key way we enable growth for Visa Direct. For years, DoorDash, the largest food and grocery delivery platform in North America, has been utilizing Visa Direct for Dasher payouts in the U.S., Australia and Canada as well as Visa virtual commercial cards to enable Dashers to pay for customer orders at physical locations. This past quarter, we enabled Visa Direct to-card for DoorDash's Crimson platform, a dedicated personal banking and rewards program built specifically for Dashers who receive a Visa debit card when they sign up. With all of these examples, it's clear that our people, products and technology are resonating and building trust with our clients globally, positioning us for the future. Now I'll turn to product innovation at Visa. Technology and commerce are evolving faster than ever. As the leading hyperscaler of payments globally, Visa is at the center of this transformation, bringing trust to whatever form commerce takes next. This is showing up in our product development in 2 ways, in both what we are building and how we are building it. Let me start with the how. AI is changing how work gets done at Visa. With the dawn of the generative AI era, we moved quickly to deploy AI across our enterprise to assist us in areas like engineering, client service and model orchestration. Now as we enter the era of agentic AI, we are going beyond AI assistance and harnessing the power of AI to execute work and tasks with our supervision. We have progressed materially in product development and engineering, deploying new tools, plug-ins, agent skills and persistent sessions to create an end-to-end pipeline with human oversight and autonomous capability. As a result of the unlocks we can realize with this new tooling, we are reforming our product development teams that used to be 10 or more into smaller and more nimble agentic squads of 2 to 4. And the results are meaningful for those teams that are using the agentic tool chain with 80% more code commits and 80% plus improvement in requirement definition from 30 days to 5 days, which has translated to 65% plus faster feature development. Now to the what. As a result of this new way of working, we are able to design, build and ship products at an increased velocity with continuous innovation and improvement. I want to touch on 2 areas where we are deploying our new way of working with great impact, stablecoin and agentic commerce. We are active and investing in each layer of the stablecoin stack from blockchain to issuance, wallets, infrastructure and orchestration and applications. This quarter, we have made progress in both the issuance and application layers. We recently joined Open Standard alongside a strong group of partners. Open Standard plans to issue Open USD, a new stablecoin designed for global money movement. We look forward to helping connect Open USD to real-world payments. And in the application layer, we launched the Visa Stablecoin Platform for stablecoin minting, movement and management. It is designed to enable our partners to settle with Visa and stablecoins, provide on-chain wallet as-a-service infrastructure and move money between fiat and stablecoins beginning with Open USD across a wide variety of use cases. Furthermore, Visa Stablecoin Platform's infrastructure will be integrated with Pismo, which can enable tokenized deposits for financial institutions and Pismo plans to add third-party tokenized deposit infrastructure providers in the future. There is much more to come in this space, and Visa is participating and will continue to participate in all of these layers, whether through building Visa products and services, integrating with partners, investing or acquiring. If stablecoins are reshaping the back end of commerce, we see AI as transforming the front end. We believe agentic commerce will expand our addressable market and drive future growth for Visa. This quarter, we continued to work across the ecosystem by enabling new seller capabilities such as our agent score and agent directory and building infrastructure such as our token assurance framework to ensure agent-initiated transactions are transparent and trusted. Across payments, partnerships are critical in driving adoption and AI is no different. We are excited to be partnering with OpenAI to enable secure Visa payments within agentic commerce. Through the partnership, Visa will provide its global network, credentialing capabilities and security infrastructure to support agentic commerce experiences, helping consumers and businesses interact and transact with confidence. And as part of our partnership with Meta, Visa is enabling new ways to pay across Facebook and Instagram, powered by Visa Intelligent Commerce, allowing consumers to transact seamlessly and securely with Visa tokens. All of this progress across stablecoin and agentic demonstrates that we have fundamentally shifted the what and how in our product development life cycle. We now have more than 150 AI-powered applications. And over the last 12 months, we have shipped more than 300 major product releases. Changes in the way we work and where we invest also impact how we operate the company. Today, we announced that we are eliminating roles with the majority being in our technology and product teams to ensure that we are continuing to position Visa for future growth. Another important area of product development has been in our value-added services, which grew revenue by 34% in constant dollars in Q3 with the vast majority of the revenue linked to transactions, cards and accounts. In issuing solutions, our network products continue to be key drivers of growth, creating valuable customer experiences. For example, 2 of our most popular network products, Subscription Manager and Stop Payment Services, which help cardholders view and decide where their card is on file for a subscription or recurring payment now have 2 billion credentials enrolled. And we continue to develop new products, including our AI financial assistant, enabling banks to white label our AI-powered financial insights from their data and Visa's network data for their cardholders right in the bank's own app and website. We are also expanding our issuer processing capabilities with DPS Full Service credit, bringing the best of Visa, DPS and Pismo into an integrated credit issuer processing solution designed for fintechs and small to midsized banks. We will be piloting it in Q4 with our first client secured in the U.S., and it will be generally available next year. In Acceptance Solutions, I just mentioned our new agentic tools for sellers and enhanced tokens, but this portfolio includes many other capabilities that are driven by both carded and non-carded transactions. Within CyberSource, for example, some of the largest bank acquirers and sellers globally access the latest solutions such as Unified Checkout that launched globally in March. Unified Checkout acts as a seamless orchestrator across multiple payment types with Visa hosting and securing the experience so sellers don't have to rebuild every time commerce evolves. Over 4,500 sellers and acquirers globally have enabled this with more to come, including one of our largest acquirers in the U.K. In Risk and Security solutions, we continue to deliver capabilities to the entire ecosystem, leveraging the latest in AI to help clients protect themselves in an increasingly complex threat environment. We built the Visa Vulnerability agentic harness, an orchestration layer that allows us to use models like Mythos to find and fix issues at AI speed. It is available now on GitHub to our clients, along with the technical blueprint, remediation and validation agents, and we can provide consulting and solutions to help. In Advisory and other, this quarter marked significant engagement for the FIFA World Cup. In Marketing Services, over the last 12 months, we delivered more than 300 FIFA engagements to more than 240 unique clients with about 20% of our clients utilizing our services for the first time with far-reaching impact in our regions across 70 markets. In the U.S., you likely saw some of our largest clients such as Chase, Bank of America, Wells Fargo and Marriott activate our FIFA offerings and promotions for their customers to drive acquisition and loyalty. In Latin America, we also saw great engagement. Two examples I would highlight. In Brazil, a leading bank worked with Visa to launch multiple campaigns, including a promotion entering cardholders for a chance to win tickets for every BRL 100 spent with more chances for new cardholders. From February to June, this campaign had 1 million cardholder participants with an 8% lift in card activation and $400 million in incremental payments volume. In Mexico, the launch of a new FIFA card helped drive significant card issuance for one issuer with nearly 400,000 new debit cards and more than 250,000 new credit cards. And 5 joint FIFA campaigns, which included rewards bonuses on Team Mexico game days that multiplied upon a win drove a more than 5x increase in average transaction size. With all of the enthusiasm around FIFA, we are very pleased to have extended our long-standing global partnership agreement as the official payment technology partner for FIFA tournaments. It is unique sponsorship assets like these that make Visa a partner of choice for our value-added services. In our first 3 quarters of 2026, I have seen the momentum across our business continue to build through the Net Promoter Score from our clients, through the rate of client renewals and wins, through the accelerated rollout of innovative products and solutions, through the increasing engagement in our value-added services, and by consistently delivering strong financial results to our investors. The opportunity ahead is significant, and I'm confident that we have significantly shifted our ability to build and grow the future of payments faster and better than ever before. Now over to Chris to discuss our financial performance.

Thanks, Ryan. Good afternoon, everyone. We delivered a strong quarter, a reflection of resilient consumer spending, improved key business drivers and effective execution of our strategy. In constant dollars, global payments volume was up 10% year-over-year. Cross-border volume, excluding intra-Europe, was up 12% and total processed transactions grew 10%. Fiscal third quarter net revenue was up 14% year-over-year, better than our expectations, primarily due to stronger-than-expected key business drivers, higher-than-expected value-added services revenue and better-than-expected FX. Third quarter net revenue was up 13% in constant dollars. EPS was up 11% year-over-year in both nominal and constant dollars, better than expected, primarily due to stronger-than-expected net revenue growth. Let's go into the details. U.S. payment volume grew 10% year-over-year, up about 2 points from Q2, a growth rate not seen since fiscal 2019, excluding the post-COVID recovery, with both card-present and card-not-present growth accelerating strongly. U.S. payments volume growth was the result of several factors, including higher tax refunds, the cost of fuel, retail, including the timing of promotional shopping events, strong Visa Direct growth and FIFA-related spend. U.S. credit rose 11% year-over-year, up more than 1 point from Q2. Debit accelerated by more than 2 points from Q2 to grow 9% year-over-year. Growth across consumer spend bands saw incremental improvement from Q2 with the highest spend band continuing to grow the fastest. Across our volume, both discretionary and nondiscretionary spend remains strong. We do not see signs of the lower spend consumer weakening in our volumes. Third quarter total international payments volume was up 10% year-over-year in constant dollars, generally consistent with the growth we've seen over the past several quarters. Now to cross-border volume, which I'll speak to in constant dollars and excluding intra-Europe transactions. Q3 total cross-border volume grew 12% year-over-year, up more than 1 point from Q2. Cross-border e-commerce volume was up 16%, 3 points above Q2, primarily driven by retail, including the timing of promotional shopping events. Travel-related cross-border volume was up 10%, consistent with Q2. While the conflict continued to be an offsetting factor, commercial and U.S. inbound continued to improve. And in June, the FIFA World Cup boosted inbound North America and Latin America volume. I want to zoom in on the tournament's impact on our key business drivers. As we all know, the FIFA World Cup brought many visitors to the U.S. From the first whistle on June 11 through the Round of 32 matches on June 30, we saw both host cities as well as destination cities benefit from the influx of fans. A few highlights. Total card-present spend in the U.S. accelerated with card-present transactions up as much as 20% in select host cities on match days. We saw acceleration in tap-to-pay with weekly tapped transit transactions reaching a peak of nearly 40% year-over-year growth in U.S. host cities. Tap-to-pay transit transactions in Boston were up more than 50% for the June tournament period. Focusing on inbound cross-border card-present spend, U.S. host cities increased by nearly 25% year-over-year from June 11 to June 30, with the most significant increases driven by fans from Norway, Uruguay, and Ecuador. By spend categories in host cities, entertainment and restaurants saw the highest growth in cross-border spend. Match days drove spikes in host cities with Kansas City topping out at 1,000% year-over-year cross-border card-present transaction growth. And for destinations like D.C. Metro and Las Vegas, we saw a pickup in spend prior to the knockout matches. And the U.S. wasn't the only beneficiary as Mexico and Canada saw inbound cross-border card-present volume growth of more than 70% and 35% year-over-year, respectively, from fans from countries with matches there. With that as a backdrop, I'll move to discuss our financial results. Starting with the revenue components. Service revenue grew 14% year-over-year versus the 9% growth in Q2 constant dollar payments volume growth, primarily due to pricing and card benefits. Data processing revenue grew 17%, above the 10% growth in processed transactions, primarily due to pricing, strong value-added services performance and higher cross-border transaction mix. International transaction revenue was up 6%, below the 12% increase in constant dollar cross-border volume growth, excluding intra-Europe, primarily due to lapping the currency volatility peak last year and mix. Other revenue grew 45%, primarily driven by growth in advisory and other value-added services, especially marketing services revenue as well as pricing. Client incentives grew 18%, a step-up of 4 points from Q2, primarily due to lapping low incentive growth last year and strong client performance. Now to our 3 growth engines. Consumer payments revenue was driven by strong payments volume, cross-border volume and processed transaction growth. Commercial and money movement solutions revenue grew 17% year-over-year in constant dollars. CMS revenue stepped down from Q2 due to the absence of performance adjustments benefits that helped Q2 and lapping pricing impacts that started in Q3 of fiscal 2025. Commercial payments volume grew faster than Visa's overall payments volume, up 13% in constant dollars and accelerating 2 points from Q2, driven by a point of acceleration from both U.S. and international volume growth. While we have a handful of client wins that have helped us since Q4 of fiscal 2025, the bulk of the strength in our commercial payments volumes has been from our underlying business in both domestic and cross-border portfolios, which we expect to continue well into the future. Visa Direct transactions grew 21% year-over-year with continued strength in both domestic and cross-border. Value-added services revenue grew 34% year-over-year in constant dollars to $3.8 billion, primarily due to 3 factors: one, underlying business drivers, which included strength in marketing services engagements related to FIFA; two, pricing; and three, the acquisition of Prisma. While we had strong growth in all of our portfolios, value-added services revenue was higher than expected, primarily due to greater utilization of our network products in issuing solutions and acceptance solutions. In fact, when we look at VAS results over the past 12 months, all 4 of our VAS portfolios have individually grown faster than their respective historical growth rates disclosed at Investor Day. Looking collectively at Issuing Solutions, Acceptance Solutions, and Risk and Security solutions, the revenue has grown more than 20% year-over-year every quarter over the last 12 months in constant dollars. This is faster than the fiscal 2021 to 2024 CAGR for total VAS revenue that we disclosed at Investor Day in February of 2025. For our advisory and other portfolio, in addition to the strong marketing services revenue growth, we've also increased the velocity of our consulting projects through the help of AI. Just this past quarter alone, for over 700 clients across 100-plus countries and territories, we delivered 1,200 consulting projects, which is more than we delivered for all of 2019. Advisory and other continues to grow the fastest of the VAS portfolios, and we expect it to continue to well into the future, driven by a focus to better serve our clients. Operating expenses grew 17%, primarily driven by marketing and personnel expenses. This was above our expectations, primarily due to larger-than-expected FX impact from balance sheet remeasurement and higher-than-expected personnel expense as a result of deferred compensation mark-to-market, which, as a reminder, is EPS neutral. This was partially offset by the timing of some marketing expenses that shifted into Q4. In our GAAP results, we had $563 million in severance costs related to changes to our workforce, including those that Ryan discussed, as we continue to focus on driving efficiency across the company and reinvest those savings in our highest potential growth opportunities. Nonoperating expense was $35 million, better than our expectations, primarily due to the investment income from the deferred compensation mark-to-market impact I just mentioned. Our tax rate for the quarter was 18.4%, consistent with our expectations. EPS was $3.32, up 11% year-over-year, better than expected with an approximately 0.5 point of benefit from exchange rates. For our non-GAAP results, Prisma and NewPay added a little under 1.5 points to net revenue growth, approximately 2 points to operating expense growth, and approximately 0.5 point to EPS growth. In Q3, we bought back $4.9 billion in stock and distributed $1.3 billion in dividends to our shareholders. In May, we settled our previously announced exchange offer for Class B1 and Class B2 common stock. We also funded the litigation escrow account by $250 million, which has the same effect as a stock buyback. At the end of June, we had $28.4 billion remaining in our buyback authorization. And in July, we expanded our commercial paper capacity to $7 billion. Now let's look at drivers through July 21 with volume growth in constant dollars. U.S. payments volume was up 9%, with both credit and debit up 9% year-over-year, a step down from June primarily due to retail, including the timing of promotional shopping events, the lack of a days mix benefit that helped June and the change in the cost of fuel. For cross-border volume, excluding transactions within Europe, total volume grew 14% year-over-year, with e-commerce up 18% and travel up 12%. Processed transactions grew 9% year-over-year. As we move to our guidance, let me remind you that it is on an adjusted growth basis, defined as non-GAAP results in constant dollars and excluding acquisition impacts. You can review these disclosures in our earnings presentation for more detail. Now moving to Q4 and the full year financial expectations. We expect Q4 net revenue growth in the high end of low-double digits, similar to Q3 on an adjusted basis. For drivers, we are assuming that the broader consumer spend stability continues from a macro perspective and our overall drivers remain resilient and strong. On volatility, we are assuming that current levels, which are generally in line with Q1, persist, implying more of a drag than was incorporated previously. On incentives, we expect to have renewed about 20% of our payments volume by the end of the fiscal year. And when we combine that with some new business we won, this puts Q4 incentive growth slightly above Q3 on a nominal basis. We expect Q4 operating expense growth in the low-double digits, which includes some Q3 expenses shifting to Q4. Nonoperating expense is expected to be about $80 million, and our tax rate in the fourth quarter is expected to be around 19%. As a result, we expect fourth quarter EPS growth to be in the low end of mid-teens. For our non-GAAP nominal Q4 financials, Prisma and NewPay will add approximately 1 point to net revenue growth, approximately 1.5 points to operating expense growth, and approximately 0.5 point to EPS growth. Pulling it all together for the full year, we expect full year net revenue growth to now be in the low end of low teens. We expect full year operating expense growth in the low end of low teens. Nonoperating expense for the full year is expected to be about $165 million. Our tax rate for the full year is expected to be between 18% and 18.25%. As a result, we expect full year EPS growth to now be in the low end of mid-teens. In closing, we are already several weeks into our fourth quarter and engaging in our strategic and financial planning work for 2027, and I wanted to make a few comments. As we do every year, we are running a number of scenarios to arrive at our assumptions for the macroeconomic environment, key business drivers and volatility. We have clear line of sight into our expected renewals, product pipeline and the expected pricing impact across our solutions, which, as you know, has tended to be similar in its contribution in the past few years. We have conviction in our strategy and our ability to continue to deliver strong results across consumer payments, commercial and money movement solutions, and value-added services. All of this will result in our guidance that we will provide next quarter. As the leading hyperscaler of payments globally, we're excited about the opportunities ahead, the investment decisions we're making, and our ability to drive Visa's future revenue growth. And now, Jennifer, hand it back to you.

Thanks, Chris. And with that, we're ready to take questions. [Operator Instructions].

[Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from Will Nance with Goldman Sachs.

Obviously, very strong results. Chris, I wanted to maybe double-click on some of the cross-border trends that you called out around the U.S. inbound and the World Cup. And maybe I missed it. It sounds like some very strong impacts in specific cities. Do you have any color or quantification on the degree to which that boosted the cross-border travel numbers in aggregate in June and July and just how we should be thinking about kind of normalizing for that as we look for the remainder of the quarter? Appreciate it.

Sure. Will, thanks for the question. Overall, it was a very good quarter for cross-border across both travel and e-commerce. Now you were specifically asking about inbound and sort of the relationship with FIFA. We did see inbound into the U.S. continue to improve this quarter, and FIFA did help both North America and Latin America in the month of June. The thing that I'd point out also is that, as we've spoken about many times, our cross-border volumes are very well distributed. No region comprises more than 25%. And so while there is good enthusiasm around FIFA, and that was great to see, the overall underlying health of travel and e-commerce continues to be healthy, and that's something that we anticipate will continue into Q4.

James Friedman with Susquehanna.

I wanted to ask about the delta between cross-border and international revenue, the volume versus revenue mix. I think you alluded to some of this, Chris, in your prepared remarks, but if you could elaborate on that, that would be helpful.

Sure. Happy to do so. James, I mean, building a little bit on the question Will asked, first, we start with the fact that our cross-border business remains healthy. We saw strong underlying health and stability across both travel and e-commerce. That's the first place I'd start. The difference that you point out between international transaction revenue and the volume -- the cross-border volume I talked to is really related to 2 things. And there are similar things that I've spoken about in previous quarters. One is volatility and volatility primarily related to the fact that last year in Q3, we're lapping the peak of the year. The highest volatility quarter was Q3 of last year, and we're lapping that in this quarter. And then the second factor is the mix of the business and the composition of our yields within international transaction revenue can and does vary across our business. For example, different clients or different products like Visa Direct, which typically has a lower yield than our carded transactions and different regions or currencies can also contribute to that mix difference. So those are the 2 primary factors. But the main message I'd send is that the underlying cross-border business remains quite healthy.

Timothy Chiodo with UBS.

Great. I want to touch a little bit on Pismo, DPS and the broader core banking and issuer processing business that you're combining here. Really often investors have 2 big broad questions about these initiatives. One is around strategy and one is around bank size. On the strategy side, the topic is usually, hey, is this about new revenue streams? Is it about expanding the pie in negotiations? Is it about deepening relationships with issuers? And the answer might be all of the above. And on the bank side focus, it's often, is it about large banks like the big names we've seen announced like Wells Fargo and Citi? Or is it about smaller banks and fintechs? And again, the answer might be both. But I'm hoping you could elaborate on those 2 topics, the strategy and then the bank size. And really for the bank size, it's more about what are the different things that you're doing for the different sizes of banks.

It's Ryan. I guess stepping back at the broadest level, the Pismo strategy is about identifying and understanding client needs and then bringing solutions to help solve those client needs. And when I first described the Pismo acquisition to investors, I explained that it was based on, for the last several years, hearing from our clients around the world that there were 2 important priorities that they had. One is modernizing their stacks, moving to the cloud, moving to API-based services, so on and so forth. And then the second was helping clients move more quickly into more geographies with a cloud-based issuer processing stack that would help them do that. And as you fast forward to today, we're seeing product market fit broadly in those areas. And we believe, over time, that will help us deepen our relationships with clients. That will help us generate more revenue, that will help us strengthen our partnership with our clients, to your question, by helping them meet these needs. So that I think gets to the first part of your question. To the second part of your question, I guess, let me step back and put it in the context of our overall issuer processing and core bank strategy. I'll start in the U.S. So in the U.S., we have 2 assets. We have DPS and we have Pismo. I'll try to go through this systematically. So the first thing I'll do is talk about issuer processing. So DPS is and has been the leading debit issuer processing platform in the U.S. DPS services banks of all sizes, big and small and will continue to do so in the future. And now if I shift to Pismo, as a reminder, Pismo is a cloud-native API-based issuer processing and core banking platform. It does -- it essentially provides processing for all payment products, whether it's debit, credit, commercial, DDAs, current accounts and the like. And increasingly in the U.S., what we're seeing is smaller banks and midsized banks as well as fintechs are looking for an integrated debit and credit processing solution that will help them simplify their operations and accelerate product innovation. And that's the market need that has led us to the DPS Pismo solution that we've talked about. It's not a market need we've seen from large issuers. We expect that large issuers will continue to run their highly customized debit platforms and credit platforms separately. But we do see a market need with small, midsized issuers and fintechs. So we launched the new platform in the U.S., which essentially combines Visa DPS and Pismo capabilities into an integrated issuer processing solution that we can put to work. And as I said in my prepared remarks, we've already had success with one client. We're also, to your question, deploying Pismo in the U.S. to help banks of all sizes migrate their core bank platforms to the cloud. And as you referenced, we announced Wells Fargo in that space. So that gives you, hopefully, to your question, a very clear sense of kind of the product and segment strategy we're pursuing in the U.S. Outside the U.S., our single go-to-market platform is Pismo. And we've now entered 19 new markets since the acquisition. We're seeing market demand from a range of different client types, both for issuer processing and for core banking.

Thank you. Fahed Kunwar with Rothschild & Co Redburn.

I just wanted to ask about the revenue algo. Chris, I think you talked about this in your remarks around VAS and CMS. From memory, it was kind of like 9% to 11% net revenue growth based on 15% to 17% of CMS and VAS and 5% to 7% of consumer payments. It does now appear for probably the past 2 years that has been quite different with CMS and VAS growing heavily, close to mid-20s and consumer payments probably growing more like low double -- low single digit. And obviously, the 13% to 14% revenue growth well ahead of 9% to 11%. If we think about that algo now going out, kind of, beyond this year into the longer term? I'm not asking for new long-term guidance, but just in general, like is there something that will change this algo? Or do you see this as more sustainable and this mix between the 3 areas being more in the kind of like growth in the last couple of years versus what we identified at the Investor Day.

Yes, thanks for the question. I mean we're obviously very pleased with how the year has played out across value-added services, across CMS business, value-added services this quarter, almost 1/3 of our revenue growing at 34%, that's an awesome result. It really reflects the strong execution against the strategy that we laid out at our Investor Day, which is I think the point you're referencing against. And that's what we're focused on. We're focused on running the company. We're focused on executing our strategy, driving product innovation, delivering for our clients and taking all the steps that we've talked about to continue to run the company better and position us for sustained long-term growth. That's our focus right now. We'll continue to focus on that as we close out FY '26.

Tien-Tsin Huang with JPMorgan.

Great results. On the U.S. side, it looks like volume up 10%. You called out that is the highest in quite a bit of time here. So can you -- do you mind just going back and maybe unpacking the growth a little bit more across the items you called out, I heard tax refunds, fuel prices, Visa Direct. I think there's some timing in World Cup of course. Just trying to separate the event-driven spend versus the strong underlying trends and maybe some wins in there as well.

Yes, sure. Happy to do so, Tien-Tsin. Yes, it was a great quarter for the U.S. I mean the place I'd start with is, as Ryan remarked, the consumer spend environment remains strong, resilient. I think the results reflect that. And the strength I would also note is pretty broad-based. We're seeing improvements around credit and debit, discretionary spend, nondiscretionary spend, card-present, card-not-present, and across the spend bands as well, as I remarked in my commentary, we didn't see any signs of weakening across the lower parts of the spend band either. And so again, point to broad-based strength, reflecting consumer resiliency. And then as you called out some of the ones, I called these out on the call. Happy to give more color. But there was a number of factors that contributed to that acceleration that we saw in Q3. Go through the whole list of with higher tax returns, the cost of fuel, retail, which included the timing of some promotional shopping events, strength in Visa Direct and, of course, the enthusiasm around FIFA that we've seen. Those were all contributors. And all in all, when you put that all together, great quarter for the U.S. in Q3.

Thank you. Jeff Cantwell with Seaport Research.

Just on the Open USD initiative, Ryan, this question is for you since you seem to be like you would be the kind of person who would never backed out from a good old skirmish, verbally, of course. So my question to you is, in your opinion, is Open USD going after Circle and Tether and the established players in the stablecoin realm? Is this the one that's ultimately going to be the winner. I would love to hear your thoughts there.

Let me start with kind of Visa. Visa going forward will remain multi-coin, multi chain. Our role is not to pick winners. Our role is to help clients connect to the stablecoin ecosystem securely and at scale regardless of which stablecoin, which network, which infrastructure ultimately gain adoption. And so now going back to the open standard, the open standard is designed with neutral governance and shared economics in mind. And it designed that way because they believe that model will help scale stablecoins for payments. As much as we talk about stablecoins on this call and in other venues, stablecoins really have yet to scale beyond a few use cases like stablecoin linked cards that we've issued in various places around the world. So we're proud to be a partner of Open USD. We do think that Open USD has the chance to scale as a payment-based stablecoin. We think that it is designed in such a way that it creates the incentives for players in our ecosystem to drive it and to use it. But like I said at the beginning, our view of the future is multi-chain, multi-coin. We're not here to pick winners and losers. We're here to enable our clients to be successful, and that will be our strategy continuing going forward.

Thank you. Andrew Schmidt with KeyBanc Capital Markets.